But for a conduct to be considered unlawful it has to be proven that the individual has done wrong, this is also known as fault. An individual cannot be punished unless at fault. There are two types of fault, criminal and civil wrongs. There are two fundamentals in criminal fault to establish liability. The first element is known in Latin as “actus reus”, which means guilty act. We refer to actus reas, when a person has committed a crime voluntary or intentionally. The second element is known in Latin as “mens rea”, which means mental element. We refer to mens rea when an individual has committed a crime involuntary, with no intention of doing so. And therefore for a conduct to be considered unlawful it has to be done voluntary otherwise it would not be considered as an unlawful conduct.…
DeNotto, M. m. (2014). Street art and graffiti College & Research Libraries News 75(4), 208-…
Essays on Free Will and Moral Responsibility, Edited by Nick Trakakis and Daniel Cohen This book first published 2008 Cambridge Scholars Publishing 12 Back Chapman Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2XX, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2008 by Nick Trakakis and Daniel Cohen and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-84718-867-2, ISBN (13): 9781847188670…
On the night of the Sunday April 11th 1812, around two hundred and fifty Luddites mustered in Blake’s Farm bottom field. Gledhill and his deputies arranged them in eight platoons of riflemen, three of pikemen, three companies with pistols, one of hammerers, another of hatchet men, and two companies that had only the stones making their deep pockets bulge. The company stood six deep under the trees against the hedge waiting for the command to ‘move off.’ The Luddite Army was prepared to fight and to die. Like the parting of Moses from the Children of Israel, Gledhill knew he might not enter the Promised Land, so his pre-attack oration had an element of farewell that was moving. He looked at his army, nodding his appreciation at the sea of faces.…
The dilemma inherent in submission to authority is ancient, as old as the story of Abraham, and the question of whether one should obey when commands conflict with conscience has been argued by Plato, dramatized in Antigone, and treated to philosophic analysis in almost every historical epoch. Conservative philosophers argue that the very fabric of society is threatened by disobedience, while humanists stress the primacy of the individual conscience.…
In the world today, the word “argument” is used on a daily basis and usually carries a bad meaning. In fact, the word is used so much that people often mistaken it’s true meaning. According to the book Writing Arguments by John Ramage, John Bean and June Johnson, there is no universally accepted definition of “argument.” The meaning of the term is rather complex, and it has been remained a controversial issue of philosophers and rhetoricians over the centuries (2). Because of the complexity of the word, we need to examine three important points in order to understand what “argument” truly meant: the misconceptions about the meaning of argument, the features of argument, and the relationship of argument to the problem of truth.…
* We value dirty work as necessary but are repelled by those who do it so there is a moral ambiguity of force, which means that force is sometime necessary, but the decision to use it and judging the extent of its use are inherently unclear.…
An observer can approve the motives that lead to some of these actions and disapprove others. All, nevertheless, raise the same fundamental question: Does the individual have the right—or perhaps the duty—to disobey the law when his mind, his conscience or…
Aristotle describes involuntary actions as those actions where the principle of the actions lie outside of the doer. When someone does something wrong because of an external agent, they are exempt from blame and punishment. "those [actions] that are involuntary are condoned, and sometimes even pitied"…
An American is defined by The Oxford Dictionary as “a native or citizen of the United States.” An American can be many things; with the extensive amount of opportunities that are available to not only the native citizens, but also the immigrants and their families. In his farewell address, Ronald Reagan spoke of John Winthrop when he said America was like “a shining city on a hill” and its inhabitants like “the early Pilgrims” that first stepped foot on this rich American soil many years ago. Americans operate on commerce as they did in colonial times, growing ever stronger with each day.…
honoring the Virgin Mary, and even look for bombs on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. Although the sikh does not share these people's faith, he does everything he can to protect it.…
My definition paper I turned in last week was not a complicated paper, but I had a few troubles along the way. I really just had one main problem and it was making my definition interesting enough and giving it enough claim. Having to figure out what love is not and making it flow smoothly was not a breeze to do either. Overall the essay was not hard to write about there were just a few little mistakes I had along the way that made it complicated.…
“Negative emotions like loneliness, envy, and guilt have an important role to play in a happy life; they're big, flashing signs that something needs to change.” -Gretchen Rubin…
Agents have the capability to reflect on their situation, to form intentions about how they will act, and then to carry out that action. The notion of free will has become an important issue in the debate on whether individuals are ever morally responsible for their actions and, if so, in what sense. Incompatibilists regard determinism as at odds with free will, whereas compatibilists think the two can coexist.…
People tend to have different interpretations of what guilt is, some interpret it as a perception or emotional experience that’s felt when a person believes that they have committed an action that was against their morals. A couple years ago I discriminated my friend’s inability to zip up her winter coat by herself and to this day I regret what I said deeply and continuously feel guilty for my ignorance. I remember this moment as if it was just yesterday; at the time I was oblivious to the fact that she had a disability. It was after school when I was walking with her, the weather was windy and my fingers were starting to freeze by how cold it was. Zipping up my jacket, I turned to my friend and suggested that she zip up her jacket to keep…