Discuss Psychological Explanations of Schizophrenia
Discuss Psychological Explanations of Schizophrenia [8+16]
AO1:
The cognitive approach acknowledges the role of biological factors. Frith 92 found a disconnection between frontal areas of the brain concerned with action and the posterior areas of the brain that control perception, explaining auditory hallucinations. This causes a split from reality where sz are unable to distinguish between actions brought by external forces and those generated internally this then causes the positive symptoms of sz e.g. auditory hallucinations, delusions and lack of self-mentoring. Hemsley 93 suggests that sz don’t know how to distinguish between different information therefore they become overloaded with sensory information.
The double bind theory created by Bateson 56 suggests that children who frequently receive contradictory messages from their parents are more likely to develop sz, for example saying I love you but turning your head away as you say it. This prevents them from developing a consistent construction of reality. This theory is used to explain the negative symptoms of sz and positive symptoms such as disordered thinking due to the contradictory messages received from parents.
Expressed emotion (ee) is a family style of communication that involves criticism, hostility and emotional over involvement. High levels of ee are most likely to influence relapse rates. Therefore high ee cause stress which can cause a relapse.
AO2:
The double bind theory is supported by Berger found that when interviewing sz patients they recited that their mother did send them conflicting messages. However as they are sz their memories may just be constructed as a result of the disorder and may not actually be true, although this is something the psychologists would find hard to prove. Another issue with this claim is that even if they are true the memories are retrospective which are largely inaccurate. This is an issue with social psychological research which is why it is usually
AO1:
The cognitive approach acknowledges the role of biological factors. Frith 92 found a disconnection between frontal areas of the brain concerned with action and the posterior areas of the brain that control perception, explaining auditory hallucinations. This causes a split from reality where sz are unable to distinguish between actions brought by external forces and those generated internally this then causes the positive symptoms of sz e.g. auditory hallucinations, delusions and lack of self-mentoring. Hemsley 93 suggests that sz don’t know how to distinguish between different information therefore they become overloaded with sensory information.
The double bind theory created by Bateson 56 suggests that children who frequently receive contradictory messages from their parents are more likely to develop sz, for example saying I love you but turning your head away as you say it. This prevents them from developing a consistent construction of reality. This theory is used to explain the negative symptoms of sz and positive symptoms such as disordered thinking due to the contradictory messages received from parents.
Expressed emotion (ee) is a family style of communication that involves criticism, hostility and emotional over involvement. High levels of ee are most likely to influence relapse rates. Therefore high ee cause stress which can cause a relapse.
AO2:
The double bind theory is supported by Berger found that when interviewing sz patients they recited that their mother did send them conflicting messages. However as they are sz their memories may just be constructed as a result of the disorder and may not actually be true, although this is something the psychologists would find hard to prove. Another issue with this claim is that even if they are true the memories are retrospective which are largely inaccurate. This is an issue with social psychological research which is why it is usually