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CHAPTER No.11
HAZOP STUDY
INTRODUCTION
A HAZOP survey is one of the most common and widely accepted methods of systematic qualitative hazard analysis. It is used for both new or existing facilities and can be applied to a whole plant, a production unit, or a piece of equipment It uses as its database the usual sort of plant and process information and relies on the judgment of engineering and safety experts in the areas with which they are most familiar. The end result is, therefore reliable in terms of engineering and operational expectations, but it is not quantitative and may not consider the consequences of complex sequences of human errors.
The objectives of a HAZOP study can be summarized as follows:
1) To identify (areas of the design that may possess a significant hazard potential.
2) To identify and study features of the design that influence the probability of a hazardous incident occurring.
3) To familiarize the study team with the design information available.
4) To ensure that a systematic study is made of the areas of significant hazard potential.
5) To identify pertinent design information not currently available to the team.
6) To provide a mechanism for feedback to the client of the study team's detailed comments.
A HAZOP study is conducted in the following steps:
1) Specify the purpose, objective, and scope of the study. The purpose may he the analysis of a yet to be built plant or a review of the risk of un existing unit. Given the purpose and the circumstances of the study, the objectives listed above can he made more specific. The scope of the study is the boundaries of the physical unit, and also the range of events and variables considered. For example, at one time HAZOP's were mainly focused on fire and explosion endpoints, while now the scope usually includes toxic release, offensive odor, and environmental end-points. The initial establishment of purpose, objectives, and scope
HAZOP STUDY
INTRODUCTION
A HAZOP survey is one of the most common and widely accepted methods of systematic qualitative hazard analysis. It is used for both new or existing facilities and can be applied to a whole plant, a production unit, or a piece of equipment It uses as its database the usual sort of plant and process information and relies on the judgment of engineering and safety experts in the areas with which they are most familiar. The end result is, therefore reliable in terms of engineering and operational expectations, but it is not quantitative and may not consider the consequences of complex sequences of human errors.
The objectives of a HAZOP study can be summarized as follows:
1) To identify (areas of the design that may possess a significant hazard potential.
2) To identify and study features of the design that influence the probability of a hazardous incident occurring.
3) To familiarize the study team with the design information available.
4) To ensure that a systematic study is made of the areas of significant hazard potential.
5) To identify pertinent design information not currently available to the team.
6) To provide a mechanism for feedback to the client of the study team's detailed comments.
A HAZOP study is conducted in the following steps:
1) Specify the purpose, objective, and scope of the study. The purpose may he the analysis of a yet to be built plant or a review of the risk of un existing unit. Given the purpose and the circumstances of the study, the objectives listed above can he made more specific. The scope of the study is the boundaries of the physical unit, and also the range of events and variables considered. For example, at one time HAZOP's were mainly focused on fire and explosion endpoints, while now the scope usually includes toxic release, offensive odor, and environmental end-points. The initial establishment of purpose, objectives, and scope