Around the turn of the 20th century Clifford Beers graduated from Yale and had his first episode of bipolar disorder, after the death of his brother. Because of this Clifford was institutionalized where he witnessed and was subjected to abuse by the caretakers and was even place in a straight jacket for 21 consecutive nights. After his release, he was determined to better Mental healthcare in the U.S. In 1908, he founded the Connecticut Society for Mental hygiene, which a year later became a national society.
Although the institutions were made to help the mentally ill, the overall idea was better than the lay out of it all. Hospital were often unfunded and unstaffed, Institution care system began to be portrayed as bad due to many reports on poor living conditions, and human right violations, leading to further disease of the mind for most patients and permanent damage. People often relayed on the institution so much that when released back into society, they were not able to live on their