It was during the Great Depression in the United States that a photographer for the Resettlement Administration, Dorothea Lange, stepped outside of the studio and focused her work on the suffering she was witnessing around her. The Resettlement Administration is a New Deal agency that focuses on helping poor families relocate. This job lead Lange to Nipomo, California where she found herself at a campsite crowded with out-of-work pea pickers. Lange approached a woman who had been suffering from the loss of a job due to the crop being destroyed by rain. Under a tent, sat this woman who was surrounded by her seven children, drained and hungry. Lange had asked this exhausted woman to photograph them with very little information being told. The…
In “The Harvest Gypsies” by John Steinbeck and “The Migrant Mother” by Dorothea Lange, the feeling of desperation is felt by many migrant farmers’ causing them to feel hopeless and helpless. Many small farmers’ from the United States lost everything of their lives because of the large drought. The farmers’ packed everything they had left and traveled with their families’ to California to find work. “The drought in the middle west has driven the agricultural populations of Oklahoma, Nebraska and parts of Kansas and Texas westward. Their lands destroyed and they can never go back to them. Thousands of them are crossing the borders in ancient rattling automobiles, destitute and hungry and homeless, ready to accept any pay so that they…
Middle Colonies I. The Middle Colonies a. Location i. Along the lower Hudson River ii. Included New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania b. Religion i. Puritan, Baptist, Quaker, Catholic, and Jewish congregations ii. Lutherans or Calvinists, Presbyterians, Anglicans, Baptists iii.…
When people talk about the revolutionary war, they think of a bunch of men fighting. Not many people know that women actually did take part in the war and had a great influence in it. In “Revolutionary Mothers” by Carol Berkin, she writes about all of the different ways that women were affected by the war and how they influenced the war. Berkin explains with detail about the enormous workloads that women had before the war and the way it doubled during the war. The wives and sisters had to step up and take on the role of their men who left to fight in the war. Women were not only emotionally disturbed but physically as well due to the raids and…
The poem ‘Migrants by ‘Bruce Dawe ’should be included for the core text for journeying as it portrays journeying through the perceptions and experiences of a migrant group. This poem depicts feelings of ignorance and disrespectfulness encountered by the migrant group as they are treated with a lack of concern by people living in Australia.…
Bruce Dawe's poem, Migrants, portrays a long quest from the perception of a migrant group. The particular group is acknowledged as “they” as they were met with indifferences from the locals. “They” reacted to this treatment with surprise and confusion which is made evident in the line, “indifference surprised them..” which creates a sense of ambiguity and lack of identity. This mystified poem depicts feelings of ignorance as well as disinterest as “they” are treated with a lack of concern.…
Barbara’s expedition came about through a curiosity of how millions of women could maintain a living in the labor force after the 1996 Welfare Reform. She was already aware that a single mother without welfare would need “an hourly wage of $8.89 to afford a one-bedroom apartment” (pg. 3). Instead of hearing others’ stories, she decides to experience herself the difficulties faced by these poverty-stricken people by going out…
The mid twentieth century proved to be a compelling, interesting time for the United States and an era that changed the World. The Civil Rights movement brought the end to de jure segregation and racism and this incredible grassroots movement served as a foundational model for other groups to mock and seek their own liberation. The 1960s spurned movements not only for African Americans, but also for the LGBT community and women. With the emergence of America as a media savvy economic powerhouse post the World Wars, a tide sort of changed within the community of women. According to Sara Evans in the selection “Cracks in the Mold,” women in the 1950s recognized they were somewhat limited to performing the dutiful tasks of motherhood, but many were outright no longer finding fulfillment in such rolls (176). Evans describes the complexities of sexism in the United States’ culture while also she explains that both a conservative female push and a more radical feminist movement helped shape the legislation and attitude changes permeating through twentieth century America.…
The novel, The Jungle by Upton Sinclair depicts the lives of poor immigrants in the United States during the early 1900’s. Sinclair is extremely effective in this novel at identifying and expressing the perils and social concerns of immigrants during this era. The turmoil that immigrants faced was contingent on societal values during the era. There was a Social Darwinist sentiment of “survival of the fittest” and the poor members of society were almost disregarded and not treated as human beings. Sinclair gives a descriptive account as to the moral dilemmas that the stockyard industry enforced on the immigrants, who were forced to assimilate into a capitalist society. In the event that the social service programs, institutions, laws that are available today were present in the early 1900’s, immigrants would not have suffered the degree of destitution and helplessness as depicted in the Jungle.…
In her autobiography I Came a Stranger Hilda Polacheck reveals the conflicting role of women in the late 19th / early 20th century as workers, caregivers, and social activists in a conflicting age of progress, hardship and missed expectations. Coming from a very traditional Jewish family in Poland it seems that Hilda Polacheck was destined to be a full time mother and wife never having immersed herself in the American society where women were becoming more and more relevant. The death of her father changes all of this forcing herself her mother and her siblings to fight for survival. This fight is what not only transformed Hilda Polacheck into the woman we remember her as today, but into an American as well.…
In 1930's American people had no work. Migrant workers moved from place to place to find work, without any proper relationship with others. They looked after themselves. It was a selfish and violent society of working and living in harsh environments, and where sexist attitudes towards women were commonplace.…
Chappell, Marisa. The War on Welfare: Family, Poverty, and Politics in Modern America. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2010. Print.…
References: Katz, M. B. (1996). In the Shadow of the Poorhouse: A Social History of Welfare in…
The fact of work for women was contradictory since businesses desired women to work for them to make money they were losing, and they knew women could not refuse. Some men were so ashamed of their non-existent jobs that they abandoned their wives and families. A 1940 survey revealed that 1.5 million women had been abandoned after their husbands lost their jobs to The Depression (Gervase). Men were so afraid of losing their authority in the household that they felt it was women to blame, however, it could not be further from the truth. The public media drilled the view into people that women were somehow at fault for wanting work in hard times to support their families. Men saying it was irresponsible for leaving their duties at home for something as ‘ridiculous’ as working. More than half of all employed women in the 1930s worked more than fifty hours a week and one-fifth of those worked over fifty-five hours. (“Working Women” ) Even with this extreme work environment, and hours, a woman’s annual pay was only $525 to a man's $1027, and yet people still said that women were undeserving of work and steal their money (“Working Women” ). Women were constrained into taking the low wage even if it did not meet their home expenses. During the Depression women’s wages dropped lower than ever, and businesses took advantage of…
Reading this chapter of “Work doesn’t Work” from the book of “The Working Poor: Invisible in America” was a very interesting reading, but stories that I hear too many times very often. Like the three ladies in this story it gives a great example of how the struggle remains for many Americans, and it doesn’t matter the color or race you are. For Christie, Debra, and Caroline they had many of differences which included they had low paying jobs and they lived their lives on a check to check daily basis. They all three wanted a better life but the system didn’t allow them to do so. When it came to wanting more and to have a job that paid more they wanted it, but for whatever reason it just didn’t have for them. All of the women had issue with stress because of where they were in life, which was close to poverty. Unlike Christie and Debra, Caroline did complete some kind of higher education, but did it really help her? No, Caroline was in no better position than the other two ladies accept for the fact should owned her own house. In her mind that wasn’t really true because of the first and second mortgages she owed the bank.…