Why study history?
Establish identity
So that past mistakes may be improved and not repeated
Better understanding of the present
Identify the differences and similarities of the culture and beliefs
3 Major Theories
Waves of Migration Theory by H. Otey Beyer
Maritime Migration Theory by Wilhelm Solheim
Core Population Theory by F. Landa Jocano
Waves of Migration
First that came: “Dawn Men”
Also known as Peking Man
Second that came: “Negritos or Aetas”
Short, Fat, Curly hair-ed, dark-skinned
Traveled in land bridges
Third that came: “Indones”
Came in bangkas because all the water melted (no more land bridges)
Knew how to mine and farm
Taller and more fair-skinned than the Negritos
Fourth that came: “Malays”
Came in “balangay” or “house boats”
They had a more well-developed way of living as compared to the previous ones
Why were scholars criticizing the Theory of Beyer?
No real evidence of what he proposed as his theory
He didn’t mention what happened to the Dawn men, Negritos, Indones and Malays after or how they left; no stories after each “coming”
No connection with the theories and the dawn men Beyer mentioned as the first settlers in the country
Core Population Theory
Theory on having the Tabon Man as the first ones who lived in the Philippines
Similarities with culture and traditions
These tabon men evolved and adapted to the changes around him (responding to nature)
Austronesians (Maritime Migration)
First people who lived in the Philippines originated from China
“Nustantao Maritime Trading and Communication Network”
Nusantao
Spoke austrenesian
Early Filipinos
Hunted at first, after which they learned how to farm
Built “pamayanan”
Learned how to plant, use “tanso” and “palayok”
“Pagpapalayok”
Unique possession of an individual
Important object in the house
Symbol of family or “tribe”
Represents a high level in the social scale
Making of a palayok:
1. Awareness of the