Explaining Asia's double digit growth- Is there and “Asian model” which has helped countries such as the four tigers (South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong” as well as NIC's (Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand + PRC double digit growth from 1978.
Cultural explanations; legacy of Confucianism: Confucianism, the teachings of Confucius during 500 BC, has played an important role in forming Chinese character, behavior and way of living. (Eliot 2001; Guo 1995) Its primary purpose is to achieve harmony, the most important social value.
Confucianism strongly emphsizes:
Mercy
Social order
Fulfillment of Responsibilities
This is achieved by everyone having well defined roles and acting towards others in a proper way.
respect for age, hierarchy, moral over legal controls
However, does Asia really have a “common culture” or is the culture just variations of Webber's “Protestant work ethic” often credited in countries such as Northern Europe.
Neo-clasical explanations- optimum allocation of resources through unrestricted market operation.
-Export orientated growth, using there comparative advantage in labour intensive industries
The developmental state- Explanations of successful late industrialisation in terms of “the developmental state” which is a term used to describe East Asia's state led macroeconomic planning at the end of the twentieth century (including strong government intervention, regulation and planning, where by the GVT and political power have a strong say in where the allocation of resources go. Often described as “picking winners”
Socialist developmental states- private entrepreneurship replaced with administrative commands Command Economy.
Capitalist developmental state- strong state in alliance with private sector; using influence, not demands
Maritime trade and empire in East and South-east Asia
Europeans came to Asia to trade, the first phase of