Educator as Mediator
Table of Contents
ITEM DESCRIPTION Pg No
1
Introduction
3
2
Gardner’s Initial List
3
3
Types of Intelligences
4
4
Other types of Intelligences
5
5
Application of the Intelligences in a Technical Classroom
5
6
Bibliography
6
1. Introduction
In terms of learning styles identified by Howard Gardner in his theory of multiple intelligences he describes the eight intelligences below. They are linguistic / verbal intelligence, logical / mathematical, spatial, musical / rhythmic, physical / kinaesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic. Armstrong and Taylor in 1994 and 2002, respectively also contributed towards identifying and describing the different intelligences.
2. Gardner’s Initial List
Gardner initially created a list of seven intelligences. The first two were typically valued in schools; the next three were applied to the arts; and the final two are what Howard Gardner called ‘personal intelligences’ (Gardner 1999: 41-43). In Frames of Mind Howard Gardner stated that the personal intelligences ‘as a piece’. Because of their close alliance in most cultures, they are often linked together. However, he still argued that it makes sense to think of two forms of personal intelligence. Gardner claimed that the eight intelligences rarely operate independently. They are used at the same time and tend to complement each other as people develop skills or solve problems. Gardner further states that only two intelligences, linguistic and logical have been tested in modern secular schools. The combinations of these two intelligences are “academic” or “scholarly intelligence”. He claims that his theory is based on multiple rather than the traditional unitary concept of intelligence formulated in the early twentieth century, measured today by IQ tests and studied in depth by Piaget during 1950 and 1952 and other psychologists.
ITEM DESCRIPTION Pg No
1
Introduction
3
2
Gardner’s Initial List
3
3
Types of Intelligences
4
4
Other types of Intelligences
5
5
Application of the Intelligences in a Technical Classroom
5
6
Bibliography
6
1. Introduction
In terms of learning styles identified by Howard Gardner in his theory of multiple intelligences he describes the eight intelligences below. They are linguistic / verbal intelligence, logical / mathematical, spatial, musical / rhythmic, physical / kinaesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic. Armstrong and Taylor in 1994 and 2002, respectively also contributed towards identifying and describing the different intelligences.
2. Gardner’s Initial List
Gardner initially created a list of seven intelligences. The first two were typically valued in schools; the next three were applied to the arts; and the final two are what Howard Gardner called ‘personal intelligences’ (Gardner 1999: 41-43). In Frames of Mind Howard Gardner stated that the personal intelligences ‘as a piece’. Because of their close alliance in most cultures, they are often linked together. However, he still argued that it makes sense to think of two forms of personal intelligence. Gardner claimed that the eight intelligences rarely operate independently. They are used at the same time and tend to complement each other as people develop skills or solve problems. Gardner further states that only two intelligences, linguistic and logical have been tested in modern secular schools. The combinations of these two intelligences are “academic” or “scholarly intelligence”. He claims that his theory is based on multiple rather than the traditional unitary concept of intelligence formulated in the early twentieth century, measured today by IQ tests and studied in depth by Piaget during 1950 and 1952 and other psychologists.
Bibliography: The Educator as Mediator of Learning – MM Nieman & RB Monyai The Educator Mediator of Learning – Unisa Study Guide Howard Gardner on multiple intelligences – Internet The Theory of Multiple Intelligences – Howard Gardner (Internet) Entheogens and Existential Intelligence: The Use of Plant Teachers as Cognitive Tools - Kenneth W. Tupper (Internet)