Preview

Eisenhower's Four Components Of The Gerras Critical Thinking Model

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1694 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Eisenhower's Four Components Of The Gerras Critical Thinking Model
Question1a Lieutenant General Dwight D. Eisenhower made two strategic decisions using four components of the Gerras’ Critical Thinking Model that could have long-lasting impacts on the War in saving lives. Saving lives was an area that Eisenhower valued most in accomplishing the mission. The two decisions are his delayed decision to relieve General Fredendall of command and his decision to support the Transportation Plan. Eisenhower clarified the concern that Fredendall did not add value in commanding II Corps. In clarifying the concern, a critical thinker must ensure that the problem or issue is not framed in a way that limits courses of action. However, Eisenhower’s lack of experience in high command is demonstrated by his hesitation to relieve Fredendall of command of II Corps. His judgment in this matter would later lead to the British having a negative point of view of the United States’ performance in its first significant effort at war. It’s plausible that in critical thinking about the problem of destructive leadership exhibited by Fredendall that Eisenhower re-labeled the concern from how to relieve a commander who was a friend to how to relieve a commander who was a poor performer, awful leader, hurting the Soldiers and hindering the war effort. A second component of critical thinking is …show more content…
Stephen J. Gerras and COL Murk Clark asserted “Power simply means the ability to influence others.” President Roosevelt considered Eisenhower to be effective in the military profession and political field. Eisenhower’s would have positional power in Operation Husky. During Husky, he would reply heavily upon his ability to lead unsupportive team members and survive shrewd ploys. For an example, Chief of the Imperial General Staff, Sir Alan Brooker orchestrated building a team of semi-independent commanders in chief for Husky which would have limited Eisenhower’s

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    “Commander’s intent represents a unifying idea that allows decentralized execution within centralized, overarching guidance.” This intent insures a clear purpose for an operation and an expected end state. The first challenge that Eisenhower encountered with planning for this operation was the planning staff itself. These planners, inexperienced at this type of operation, had difficulty from the beginning, because most of the decision makers were still preoccupied with ongoing operations and geographically dispersed. As a result, Eisenhower gave no consideration to their first effort, nor did either he or Alexander provide “effective leadership during this critical stage... Instead, due to indecisiveness by Eisenhower and inattentiveness by Alexander, a frustrated Montgomery tasked his staff to develop their own plans for Husky. This became the norm and as a result the functional commanders – air, land, sea components – developed their own objectives and planning without closely coordinating their actions. Considering this invasion was a compromise between allied partners, it “left commanders in the field with an imperfect understanding of the ultimate purpose of the operation.” Thus, no…

    • 1542 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Lincoln understood that to lead effectively, one must trust their subordinates’ abilities and support their actions. As President, Lincoln oversaw the personal and professional development of countless individuals both in Washington and on the battlefield. Lincoln demonstrated that a leader must “give [one’s] subordinates a fair chance with equal freedom for opportunity and success” (57). Giving his generals the ability…

    • 1218 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The purpose of this paper is to professionally analyze a leader in order to identify how their attributes and competencies impacted their organization and affected my own leadership philosophy. Master Sergeant Retired Roy Benavidez is a leader whose actions positively influenced the United States Army and greatly influenced my leadership philosophy. Benavidez influenced the United States Army by aligning his core attributes, character, presence, and intellect and his core competencies, leads, develops, and achieves with Army doctrine before it existed. Benavidez’s leadership style and personal sacrifices…

    • 1780 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    In 1961, President John F. Kennedy made the decision to authorize the CIA plan to attempt to overthrow the Castro administration. The approval of this invasion was a failure because approximately 1,400 Cuban exiles were killed or captured and damage to Kennedy’s political image during the Kennedy Administration. In this paper, by using Anderson’s decision-making framework, I will argue that the presence of deference and personal values of the individual process criteria and the presence of persuasion of the group process criteria led to Kennedy’s poor decision, which led to the failure of the Bay of Pigs attack. Individual Process Criteria The individual process criteria demonstrated that Kennedy’s decision to authorize the invasion of the Bay of Pigs was a failure.…

    • 1208 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    General George S. Patton referred to by many historians as the “Forgotten General” didn’t see much action in almost the entirety of his military career. In fact he did not have the opportunity to show his genius in military warfare until World War II. It wasn’t until the end of 1942 thru 1945 that General Patton had finally proved to the world the genius he was in tactical warfare, and many compared him to Hitler because of his talk of never giving up an inch of land, his contempt for civilian authority, and his joy at killing. Patton’s love of war, coupled with his seemingly coldhearted approach to battle, still makes his critics uncomfortable. Despite the…

    • 585 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Ap Us History 2001 Dbq

    • 1089 Words
    • 5 Pages

    After the Second World War, many Americans feared the spread of communism to the Americas, which led to the Second Red Scare. Eisenhower understood the fear American citizens felt and realized the possibility of hysterical reactions. (Doc A) Eisenhower’s understanding would help his administration destroy American fear of communism and maintain peace in the U.S. As the…

    • 1089 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the Pearl Harbor Speech, President Roosevelt gives examples of why we mustn't ponder the situation at had for very long. He says:…

    • 577 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    GEN Eisenhower recognized the importance of this technique and spent much of his time expanding his influence with the British and French. This unfortunately isolated his American generals and increased concerns of favoritism. GEN Eisenhower also missed several opportunities to expand relationships with political leadership. Political leaders understood the importance of the relationship and made the effort to come see GEN Eisenhower. GEN Eisenhower did not see the value of building the relationship with political leaders and focused on military…

    • 538 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    In just two months, Marshall promoted Eisenhower to the chief of the War Plans Division where he received his second general’s star. In June 1942, Marshall sent him to England on a special mission to build cooperation among the Allies as Commanding General, U.S. Army, European Theater.(Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum) It is remarkable to think this guy was just spotted by General Marshall and in just 2 quick months he would be promoted to Chief of war plans. This really goes to show how good he was at his job that he was promoted so quickly while being admired by his peers. Starting in November 1942, Eisenhower headed Operation Torch, the cooperated Allied invasion of North Africa. He then coordinated the land and/or water capable attack of Sicily and the Italian terrain in 1943 that prompted to the fall of Rome in June 1944. Eisenhower was selected leader of the Allied Expeditionary Force in December of that year and given the obligation of initiating the arranged Allied invasion of Nazi-run Europe. On D-Day (June 6, 1944), more than 150,000 Allied strengths crossed the English Channel and raged the shorelines of Normandy; the intrusion prompted to the freedom of Paris on August 25 and handed the hold of the war over Europe conclusively in the Allied course. Having ascended from Lieutenant colonel in the Philippines to incomparable authority of the successful strengths in Europe in just five years, Eisenhower returned home to a legend's welcome in 1945 to fill in as head of staff of the U.S. Armed force.(Smith) A quote from Eisenhower that I really like because it can be related to many aspects of life is,“In preparing for battle I have always found that plans are useless. But planning is indispensable.(Eisenhower "National Defense Executive Reserve Conference").” This shows how hard of a hard worker…

    • 1670 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Bedford Boys

    • 518 Words
    • 3 Pages

    In order for us to look at these principles we must first learn about some of the leaders talked about in this book. We first look at a fellow Bedford boy Captain Taylor Fellers. In 1932, Fellers joined the National Guard were he was promoted to sergeant in 1935. Having been a non-commission officer for a while, Fellers decided to take military correspondence course to qualify for officer training. He attended officer training in Georgia, after returning from officer training several years later Fellers would command Company A on D-Day, June 4, 1944. Fellers was respected greatly by the others soldiers of Company A, he had grown up with these soldiers , so he know a great deal about these men that he would leader on D-Day. This was one of the leadership principles that was most important for a person in charge knowing your subordinates and there capabilities. Know that gave him a great advantage for when they began there extensive and demanding training for preparation for the events for D-Day. Along with his preparation, Fellers as a leader had studied the Allied intelligence and countless aerial shots and concluded that his men were being sent to face certain slaughter. Despite the information Fellers had to try to keep his men focus and motivated on the task at hand. Around the time of the invasion for…

    • 518 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    #1. Alvin Langdon Coburn was at the forefront of photography as art. At the time photography was young and new much like the skyscrapers and machinery in the quickly expanding cities of the second industrial revolution. Coburn’s photography depicts a cold, hard, and filthy place with smoke and steam rising into the sky above all else. Coburn is trying to convey the price of advancement and progress in his newly mechanization world.…

    • 276 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Critical thinking involves a persons ability to reason in order to support their belief. To begin the critical thinking process one must acknowledge the problem at hand, find information on the problem; research, examine the problem closely, apply moral principles, decide the best ethical choice and be able to support the claim, then go back over the process on how one came to their conclusion and lastly reflect on their decision. I have learned that the critical thinking skills process is a buiding block, each step builds onto the other to come to a ethical solution at the end. There is no shortcut to the steps and if I do so then I will not get a logical conclusion to my problem. I beleive out of all the steps the one I find myself using…

    • 154 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Epic of Gilgamesh and Hero

    • 1640 Words
    • 7 Pages

    People have been attempting to define the word "hero" for as long has man has existed on this planet. To define a hero one must first appreciate that there are many different types of hero 's. For example, a hero could be an epic hero such as King Gilgamesh, in The Epic of Gilgamesh, or a hero may a simple individual that serves his/her country or even a school teacher that devotes his/her life to the development of the youth. Hero 's come and hero 's go. Some hero 's even lose "hero status" over time; Adolf Hitler and Osama bin Laden were hero 's to followers during their lifetime.…

    • 1640 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    His experience helped him to define new realities in the new “world order”. His vision as senior leader at the strategic level was a transition of the huge structure of the armed forces to less but still capable of performing basic missions pursuant U.S. Constitution “a shift from a solely threat-based force to a threat- and capability-based force”. (Colin L. Powell, My American Journey,…

    • 905 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Norris (1989) argues that the fact that the degree of domain specificity in critical thinking remains unresolved makes assessment of critical thinking difficult. First, the type of inferences one is trying to make remains unclear to the extent that researchers cannot agree whether critical thinking is general or subject-specific. Second, it is difficult to assess critical thinking transfer, because transfer to other contexts is confounded with subject-specific knowledge that is necessary for exercising critical thinking. Thus, a student who fails to transfer to another subject either requires additional instruction in critical thinking or additional instruction in the subject matter. Similarly, the disposition to think critically is confounded…

    • 229 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays