electromagnetic braking system
Chapter 2. General Principle of Electromagnetic
Brakes
2.1. Introduction
Electromagnetic brakes have been used as supplementary retardation equipment in addition to the regular friction brakes on heavy vehicles.
We
outline the general principles of regular brakes and several alternative retardation techniques
in
this
section.
The
working
principle
and
characteristics of electromagnetic brakes are then highlighted.
2.2. General Principle of Brake System
The principle of braking in road vehicles involves the conversion of kinetic energy into thermal energy (heat). When stepping on the brakes, the driver commands a stopping force several times as powerful as the force that puts the car in motion and dissipates the associated kinetic energy as heat.
Brakes must be able to arrest the speed of a vehicle in a short periods of time regardless how fast the speed is. As a result, the brakes are required to have the ability to generating high torque and absorbing energy at extremely high rates for short periods of time. Brakes may be applied for a prolonged periods of time in some applications such as a heavy vehicle descending a long gradient at high speed. Brakes have to have the mechanism to keep the heat absorption capability for prolonged periods of time.
2.3. Conventional Friction Brake
4
The conventional friction brake system is composed of the following basic components: the “master cylinder” which is located under the hood is directly connected to the brake pedal, and converts the drivers’ foot pressure into hydraulic pressure. Steel “brake hoses” connect the master cylinder to the
“slave cylinders” located at each wheel. Brake fluid, specially designed to work in extreme temperature conditions, fills the system.
“Shoes” or “pads” are
pushed by the slave cylinders to contact the “drums” or “rotors,” thus causing drag, which slows the car. Two major kinds of friction brakes are disc brakes
and
Brakes
2.1. Introduction
Electromagnetic brakes have been used as supplementary retardation equipment in addition to the regular friction brakes on heavy vehicles.
We
outline the general principles of regular brakes and several alternative retardation techniques
in
this
section.
The
working
principle
and
characteristics of electromagnetic brakes are then highlighted.
2.2. General Principle of Brake System
The principle of braking in road vehicles involves the conversion of kinetic energy into thermal energy (heat). When stepping on the brakes, the driver commands a stopping force several times as powerful as the force that puts the car in motion and dissipates the associated kinetic energy as heat.
Brakes must be able to arrest the speed of a vehicle in a short periods of time regardless how fast the speed is. As a result, the brakes are required to have the ability to generating high torque and absorbing energy at extremely high rates for short periods of time. Brakes may be applied for a prolonged periods of time in some applications such as a heavy vehicle descending a long gradient at high speed. Brakes have to have the mechanism to keep the heat absorption capability for prolonged periods of time.
2.3. Conventional Friction Brake
4
The conventional friction brake system is composed of the following basic components: the “master cylinder” which is located under the hood is directly connected to the brake pedal, and converts the drivers’ foot pressure into hydraulic pressure. Steel “brake hoses” connect the master cylinder to the
“slave cylinders” located at each wheel. Brake fluid, specially designed to work in extreme temperature conditions, fills the system.
“Shoes” or “pads” are
pushed by the slave cylinders to contact the “drums” or “rotors,” thus causing drag, which slows the car. Two major kinds of friction brakes are disc brakes
and