Electronic control unit or popularly known as ECU is a generic term used in automotive electronics for any embedded system which controls the electrical subsystems in modern motor vehicles. We can call the ECU as the brain of automobile system. It is generally found in the glove compartment beneath the dash boards of the vehicles. Modern day cars have many electric components to determine the fuel delivery to door control unit to name a few. The sub systems like transmission shift points or ignition timing take the directions from ECU. An electronic control unit can control all the electronic functions within the vehicles drive train.
Now let’s see how it works in a vehicle and controls the subsystems and send directions. It is actually kind of small computer which take readings from the electronic sensors which are installed in the system as well as in subsystems and then interprets the needs of that vehicle. Actually many of the car’s components and even the engine systems can be control through electronic control unit. By taking reading from the sensors ECU is able tell the time of intervals of scheduled maintenance for the vehicle. When any problem detected ECU tries to send messages to the operator of the vehicle through the instrument cluster. It is even helpful to adjust the fuel levels in cold weather to ensure the smooth running of the car. It is like a personal mechanic riding along with you when ever you are driving your car to ensure the smooth running and controlling the automotive system of your vehicle.
Now lets discuss about the types of ECU can be present in a present day motor vehicle. Types of ECU include engine control module (ECM) which is responsible for controlling the fuel efficiency to ignition timing, powertrain control module (PCM) look after the controlling part when a car is experiencing a problem, transmission control module (TCM) it controls the how and when to change gears in