The traditional view of Tudor parliaments presented a weak institution,
The traditional view of Tudor parliaments presented a weak institution,
Were the difficulties faced by Charles II due more to financial concerns than foreign policy in the years 1667-1678?…
William Cecil’s influence touched on just about all aspects of policy that occurred during Elizabeth’s long reign. In the Royal Court he brought order and stability. Cecil was also highly influential in foreign policy. He saw France and Spain as threats to. It has also been argued that Cecil was not just the provider of advice and executor of the Queens wishes but also that he could have been the power behind the throne. Plenty of evidence has come to light that suggests that the Secretary regularly attempted to manipulate Elizabeth however it would be inaccurate to assume that all of Cecil’s personal agendas were fruitful, Elizabeth could make her own mind up and often did so. Although Cecil was a prominent figure during this time, Elizabeth was still the person who ruled the country and had her own ideas on how to run the country. Elizabeth was firmly in control of major policies and on many occasions obstinately ignored the Councils advice. The Council conscientiously carried out the Queens wishes even when it had advised otherwise. There is general agreement that, until its decline in the 1590s central government under Elizabeth was successful and that the Queen provided firm direction. According to Neale Parliament was another aspect that had influence over decision making in Elizabeth government He argues that the power of the House of Commons increased throughout Elizabeth’s reign. The number of conflicts Elizabeth had with individual MPs and the problems which the Stuarts experienced with Parliament are evidence for this. These developments were brought by the “Puritan Choir “who deliberately planned confrontations to force the issue of parliamentary privilege versus the royal prerogative. It is therefore necessary to investigate not only to what extent Cecil was involved in the decision making process but also the influence of the Parliament on Elizabeth and ultimately the decisions that were taken through this time of how many were Elizabeth’s own ideas.…
Buckingham formed a very close relationship with Charles which many MP’s feared. This close relationship and the amount of power that Buckingham possessed, often led to arguments between the King and Parliament, which eventually led to the king adopting personal rule. Buckingham monopolised Patronage at court, and advancement in Office was only approved with Buckingham support. Many MP’s were suspicious of his close relationship with both Charles 1 and James 1, and despised the fact that they could only gain advancement in the career with his consent. Furthermore Buckingham had arranged the marriage of Charles and Henrietta Maria who was Catholic. Many MP’s thought Buckingham was trying to introduce Catholicism in England, which they thought would threaten the ancient liberties of the Church of England. The king’s protection of Buckingham led to Parliament being dissolved which angered many MPs. In 1626 Parliament attempted to Impeach Buckingham, however the King stopped this by dissolving Parliament which prevented them from passing the subsidies which the King needed. These show how Buckingham’s action caused disputes between the King and Parliament, which eventually led to the king adopting Personal Rule as he thought he could manage without Parliament. However…
ii) Elizabeth had no children so the crown went to Mary Queen of Scots, a Catholic.…
Elizabeth had inherited the throne of England in 1558 from a Catholic queen Mary who had attempted to re-convert England back to Catholicism and to allow the country to take part in the Catholic reformation of Europe. The accession of Elizabeth was met with anxiety and tension as to discover what she was to do in response to religion and how the Catholic powers of Europe as well as the Catholics within England at the time would treat any changes. The immediate rise to power was met with little hostility as Elizabeth had made very cautious changes to start with as she thought it wise not to provoke hostility from abroad considering the position of England at the time as a small, weak protestant nation. The start of Elizabeth’s reign was fairly peaceful however tensions rose and a Catholic threat seemed more imminent as her reign drew to the end.…
Religion was a major impact on Charles and Parliaments relationship causing major tension in the years 1625-1629; however there were other contributing factors, such as key individuals, finance, foreign policy and Charles’ own personality. Furthermore I do not agree with the statement that religion was the most important factor that caused the breakdown of relations between the crown and Parliament. Instead I believe finance and foreign policy to be the most important factors in the breakdown in relations.…
As is suggested in Source 12, ‘[Elizabeth] had to turn to parliament for assistance’ during much of her reign to fund wars which gave Parliament quite significant control over her policies. This realisation for parliament marked the beginning of an era of difficulties for monarchs and their parliaments. It can further be derived from Source 12 that ‘[parliament] used her need of [funds] to make their views known’. Parliament’s consistent use of this throughout James’ reign in questioning his authority (and therefore sparking a debate over divine right and parliamentary privilege) and policies was an attempt by Parliament to make themselves a necessary commodity. This is corroborated by Source 13, ‘If accept that kings have the power of imposing new and higher duties and the right to do this is confirmed, I do not see and likelihood of future parliaments.’ Parliament’s use of subsidies to control the monarch is further confirmed in Source 12, ‘they forced the queen to concede the substance of their demands’. However, far from making themselves indispensable (as is shown to be their intention in Source 13, ‘Where prince’s prerogatives grow, the liberties of subjects diminish’) Parliament primarily succeeded in driving a greater wedge between themselves and James. James…
1. How did the relationship between the king and Parliament change during the early 18th century?…
Queen Elizabeth was a great ruler but had to deal with sexist stereotypes that believed women should follow their husbands and should not have any power. They believed men were chosen by god to rule the world. The people who fought for the queen said that the queen would never take attention from God and that it was the duty of the people to follow the ruler, and the ruler was Queen…
Although I hardly ever sip tea, or get to harass palace guards, I can boast to my friends about how the country where my mother came from, has a Queen that had the event where she was crowned Queen, was live on television. Every now and then, I hear people talk about how they need to know their place. Queen Elizabeth remembered her place, as the Queen of England, and overrode what the elect decided. What I have learned from this, is that courage conquers fear. She could have gone right along with what they decided for her, but instead decided to be original. For all those besides my history teacher, who are reading this essay, the greatest lesson you can receive, is that your voice matters. As insignificant as you might perceive yourself to be, know that you can still make a…
Elizabeth Proctor wife of John Proctor has a small but important roll in the book “The Crucible”. Elizabeth does not appear in the book until the beginning of act two when she is harassing and nagging John Proctor for getting home so late. At that point of the book Elizabeth proctor is recognized as cold-hearted uncaring unforgiving wife. Toward the end of the book the way Elizabeth, is seen by the reader changes in a good way she, will be seen as caring and protective of her family and husband John. The very first time she shows up in the book she shows that she is unforgiving and cold hearted because she does not trust John and is suspicious of where he was at so late. We used various symbols to show her bad side as well as her good side. We outlined Elizabeth with different colors meaning/symbolizing different characteristics of her in the beginning and end of the book. To start off we used 4 colors to outline the body with, we used the colors we thought symbolized Elizabeth those colors were green, blue, gray, and, black. Green stands for nature life and fertility and fertility relates to her because she is pregnant. Blue stands for loyalty trust wisdom and confidence and confidence and loyalty relates to her because she is confident of herself and she is loyal to John when she lies for him and says that he did not have an affair with Abigail. Black means death, earth, and death relates to her because the book describes her as dead looking. Gray stands for security maturity and sarrow and sarrow relates to her because she looses proctor and later gets remarried. We drew her heart half frozen because at the beginning of the play she is cold hearted and she later turns nicer. The word suspicious in a bubble coming from her head means that she was always thinking suspicious things of John. The cross and the Christian sign that looks like a fish because she is religious and knows all the 10 commandments. We used a voodoo puppet to…
The clash between the two political models of absolutism and constitutionalism is the catalyst for the progression in English politics. With William and Mary as their rulers, the Parliament didn’t need to worry about a Catholic ruler and even better they were able to get their rulers to recognize the Bill of Rights of 1689. Finally able to limit the power of the monarch, making the ruler subject to the law and the consent of Parliament, the theory of a constitutional monarchy was put into action through this bill. This is the beginning of England’s, later Great Britain, rise to being a world power and setting an example that others will soon…
We define moral courage as the ability to act rightly in the face of popular opposition, shame, scandal, or discouragement. When we say a person has moral courage, we speak of things like ethics, good and evil, right and wrong. This is the kind of person who does bold things. They do these things not because they are trying to make a name for themselves or impress their peers, but because it is the right thing to do. A person with moral courage stands up in the face of adversity.…
The human desires of greed, wealth, and power have been embedded into the world's history as political figures have led invasions of other countries countless numbers of times. Whether invaded or being invaded, a country requires strong and capable leaders to see them through this difficult time. In 1588, Queen Elizabeth I of England gave a motivational speech to her troops using the rhetorical devices of diction, sentence structure and ethos, to motivate her subjects positively and to prevent the fear of the pending invasion in their hearts.…
During the 16th century, female rule become dominant within England and Scotland. The paper first describes the strong belief that people held about a women’s subordination to men. It then examines the difficulty of having a female monarch, with this belief system. The position and authority of Mary Tudor and Elizabeth are discussed, including their treatment of the people of England. Furthermore, questions pertaining to marriage, children, and legitimacy are discussed within the paper. The article also examines each queens’ response and actions towards external voices questioning their authority, as a monarch. Additionally, the paper also provides accounts were women’s right to rule was defended during the 16th century and at its end. The…