Empire, Great Power Hegemony, Balance of Power, Concert of Power
Introduction
The traditional political definition of peace was originated among the ancient Romans who defined that peace, “pax” as “absentia belli”, the absence of war.
Peace is a state of harmony, the absence of hostility. This term is applied to describe a cessation of violent international conflict. In this case, peace is the opposite of war.
Though human-beings are prone to seek peace, prosperity and civilization for their lives, means used to seek them were at times conducted through the contrast process: war.
The origin of war War was influenced by the pessimistic side of human nature. Machiavelli stated in his book “The Prince” that “....to maintain the state the prince is often obliged to act against his promise, against charity, against humanity and against religion. He should not stray from the good, but he should know how to enter into evil when necessity commands.” Morgenthau has shown his facet by “Animus Dominandi” or the human “lust” for power (Morgenthau 1965:192). Men and women are by nature political animals: they are born to pursue power and to enjoy the fruits of power.” “The craving for power dictates a search of relative advantages and secure political spaces.”
Regarding to Thomas Hobbes, “the state of nature”, he quoted: “…without a state to guarantee the means and conditions of security and to promote welfare, human’s life is bound to be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.” Insecurity and uncertainty bring about fear of each other in people’s minds and the way to escape is to create and maintain a sovereign state.
The fact that each nation-state is motivated by national interest with a high regard for the normative coreand also from Hobbes’ view, these are the reasons why a state needs to seek for protection of its territory, its population, and other valued ways of life which would be concerned as the national interest to further finalize to foreign policies or even worse, to generate a war.
Donald Kagan has
The traditional political definition of peace was originated among the ancient Romans who defined that peace, “pax” as “absentia belli”, the absence of war.
Peace is a state of harmony, the absence of hostility. This term is applied to describe a cessation of violent international conflict. In this case, peace is the opposite of war.
Though human-beings are prone to seek peace, prosperity and civilization for their lives, means used to seek them were at times conducted through the contrast process: war.
The origin of war War was influenced by the pessimistic side of human nature. Machiavelli stated in his book “The Prince” that “....to maintain the state the prince is often obliged to act against his promise, against charity, against humanity and against religion. He should not stray from the good, but he should know how to enter into evil when necessity commands.” Morgenthau has shown his facet by “Animus Dominandi” or the human “lust” for power (Morgenthau 1965:192). Men and women are by nature political animals: they are born to pursue power and to enjoy the fruits of power.” “The craving for power dictates a search of relative advantages and secure political spaces.”
Regarding to Thomas Hobbes, “the state of nature”, he quoted: “…without a state to guarantee the means and conditions of security and to promote welfare, human’s life is bound to be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.” Insecurity and uncertainty bring about fear of each other in people’s minds and the way to escape is to create and maintain a sovereign state.
The fact that each nation-state is motivated by national interest with a high regard for the normative coreand also from Hobbes’ view, these are the reasons why a state needs to seek for protection of its territory, its population, and other valued ways of life which would be concerned as the national interest to further finalize to foreign policies or even worse, to generate a war.
Donald Kagan has