Endocrine System
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 1) KNOW ALL OF THE ENDOCRINE GLAND & HOROMONES
* Hypothalamus Although it is part of the brain, the hypothalamus secretes several hormones and is very closely related to the activity of the endocrine system.
* The hormones it secretes are: * Releasing hormones – stimulate the secretion of specific anterior pituitary hormones * Release inhibiting hormones – inhibit the secretion of specific anterior pituitary hormones
Pituitary * A small pea-sized gland also called the hypophysis. * Located at the base of the brain * Lies in the sella turcica (saddle-like depression of the sphenoid bone) * Attached to the hypothalamus by a short slender stalk called the infundibulum
Pituitary
Anterior pituitary * Consists of two lobes * Anterior pituitary – (Adenohypophysis) * Composed of glandular tissue * No direct neural connection between the anterior pituitary and the hypothalamus * However, there is a vascular connection between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary
* Hormones (releasing or inhibiting) that are secreted by the hypothalamus are carried in the blood via a capillary bed associated with the hypothalamus. * The vessels merge to form the hypophyseal portal veins * These give rise to a capillary bed in the anterior pituitary * These releasing and inhibiting hormones regulate the hormone secretions of the anterior pituitary. * Secretes six major hormones * Four of the six hormones are termed tropic * Hormones which regulate the secretory action of other glands. * Because of this, the anterior pituitary is often called the master gland * These six hormones are: * Growth hormone (GH) * Prolactin (PRL) * Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) * AKA thyrotropin * Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) * Gonadotropic hormones * Follicle stimulating hormone
* Hypothalamus Although it is part of the brain, the hypothalamus secretes several hormones and is very closely related to the activity of the endocrine system.
* The hormones it secretes are: * Releasing hormones – stimulate the secretion of specific anterior pituitary hormones * Release inhibiting hormones – inhibit the secretion of specific anterior pituitary hormones
Pituitary * A small pea-sized gland also called the hypophysis. * Located at the base of the brain * Lies in the sella turcica (saddle-like depression of the sphenoid bone) * Attached to the hypothalamus by a short slender stalk called the infundibulum
Pituitary
Anterior pituitary * Consists of two lobes * Anterior pituitary – (Adenohypophysis) * Composed of glandular tissue * No direct neural connection between the anterior pituitary and the hypothalamus * However, there is a vascular connection between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary
* Hormones (releasing or inhibiting) that are secreted by the hypothalamus are carried in the blood via a capillary bed associated with the hypothalamus. * The vessels merge to form the hypophyseal portal veins * These give rise to a capillary bed in the anterior pituitary * These releasing and inhibiting hormones regulate the hormone secretions of the anterior pituitary. * Secretes six major hormones * Four of the six hormones are termed tropic * Hormones which regulate the secretory action of other glands. * Because of this, the anterior pituitary is often called the master gland * These six hormones are: * Growth hormone (GH) * Prolactin (PRL) * Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) * AKA thyrotropin * Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) * Gonadotropic hormones * Follicle stimulating hormone