Environment: Pollution and Mumbai

ronmClean Techn Environ Policy (2006) DOI 10.1007/s10098-005-0030-7

O R I GI N A L P A P E R

Sudhakar Yedla

Dynamics of environmental problems in Mumbai

Received: 6 September 2004 / Accepted: 7 March 2005 Ó Springer-Verlag 2006

Abstract This paper presents the dynamics of environmental problems in Mumbai city. An evolution concept is applied to study the present environmental status of Mumbai. In order to study its dynamics, the entire process of environmental evolution is divided into four types viz. poverty-related environmental issues, industrialization- and urbanization-related environmental issues, rapid economic growth-related environmental issues and wealthy lifestyle-related environmental issues. Dynamics of suitable indicators for all the above issues over the economic development has been studied. Temporal representation of respective indicator for each type of the environmental problem presented the distribution of these types of environmental problems on a longitudinal scale. In the analysis it is found that, at present Mumbai has prevalence to rapid economic development-related environmental problems. Povertyrelated environmental issues show very little significance. Industrialization- and urban-related environmental issues coexist with rapid economic development-related environmental issues. This provides the necessary inputs to city planner so as to avoid various environmental costs that other cities have already experienced.

Introduction
Bombay1, since independence, has been the center for development and financial activities of India. ManuS. Yedla Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Vaidya Marg, Goregaon(E), 400 065 Mumbai, India E-mail: [e-mail] Present address: S. Yedla Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, 240 0115 Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
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facturing sector has been the major force in Bombay creating potential for employment, and that had resulted in migration of rural population. This influx

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