Enzyme Lab Report
The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes
Enzymes are Effective Biological Catalyst
Catalysis- speeds up metabolism to allow production of products.
Enzymes- Highly specific and most efficient catalyst that speeds up metabolism or rate of reaction in organisms by factor up to 10^20 (globular proteins)
Nonenzymatic catalyst- enhance by 10^2 -10^4
Ribozymes- acts for catalytic activity in RNA’s
Kinetics versus Thermodynamics
Standard free energy change- difference between the energies of the reactants (initial state) and energies of products (final state)
Activation energy- energy input required to initiate the reaction. It is also the amount of free energy required to bring the products to its transition state. - the activation energy …show more content…
ATCase-> CTP (cytidine triphosphate)
- example of how a pathway is controlled to avoid overproduction of compounds.
CTP- nucleoside triphosophate needed to make RNA and DNA; an inhibitor of ATCase
Feedback inhibition- general feature ofmetabolism where the end product of the sequence of reaction inhibits the first reaction in the series; it can shut down the reactions when the excess of final product exist.
Sigmoidal curve- indicates cooperative behavior of enzymes. (ATCase: Aspartate is the substrate while carbomyl phosphate is constant).
Reaction rate of CTP= sigmoidal, higher substrate conc. (aspartate) needed
Vmax- changes when a reaction takes place in the presence of noncompetitive inhibitor.
Competitive inhibitors- bind to the same site because of its similarity of structure with substrate. *CTP is very different in terms of the structure and bounds to the diffent site of ATCase molecule.
ATCase’s subunits: 1) catalytic subunit- consist of 6 protein subunits organized into two trimers. Can be separated by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate
Enzymes are Effective Biological Catalyst
Catalysis- speeds up metabolism to allow production of products.
Enzymes- Highly specific and most efficient catalyst that speeds up metabolism or rate of reaction in organisms by factor up to 10^20 (globular proteins)
Nonenzymatic catalyst- enhance by 10^2 -10^4
Ribozymes- acts for catalytic activity in RNA’s
Kinetics versus Thermodynamics
Standard free energy change- difference between the energies of the reactants (initial state) and energies of products (final state)
Activation energy- energy input required to initiate the reaction. It is also the amount of free energy required to bring the products to its transition state. - the activation energy …show more content…
ATCase-> CTP (cytidine triphosphate)
- example of how a pathway is controlled to avoid overproduction of compounds.
CTP- nucleoside triphosophate needed to make RNA and DNA; an inhibitor of ATCase
Feedback inhibition- general feature ofmetabolism where the end product of the sequence of reaction inhibits the first reaction in the series; it can shut down the reactions when the excess of final product exist.
Sigmoidal curve- indicates cooperative behavior of enzymes. (ATCase: Aspartate is the substrate while carbomyl phosphate is constant).
Reaction rate of CTP= sigmoidal, higher substrate conc. (aspartate) needed
Vmax- changes when a reaction takes place in the presence of noncompetitive inhibitor.
Competitive inhibitors- bind to the same site because of its similarity of structure with substrate. *CTP is very different in terms of the structure and bounds to the diffent site of ATCase molecule.
ATCase’s subunits: 1) catalytic subunit- consist of 6 protein subunits organized into two trimers. Can be separated by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate