Preview

Essay Outline Martial Law Bathurst

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1791 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Essay Outline Martial Law Bathurst
Fiona Scott-Doran Assignment 1

HIST150

In what ways does Governor Brisbane’s Proclamation of Martial Law provide insights into the nature of conflict between Aborigines and settlers in the frontier areas around Bathurst in 1824?
Essay introduction approx. 200 words There has been much controversy and debate over the issue of frontier violence and conflict between colonial settlers and indigenous Australians during early colonisation of Australia. While some historians contend that the evidence of frontier violence and indigenous deaths has been overestimated, others argue that the figures are potentially under estimated. There is ample evidence to indicate violence and deaths did

occur between both parties, however, there is much argument over the causation, subsequent action and the number of casualties recorded for both sides of the conflict. Post colonial historians believe that the previous history cannot possibly accurately portray the events as it was written by the aggressors. Other historians argue that as there is no evidence there is no justification for revising of the previously held history. A unique opportunity to examine the issue is presented by the implementation of martial law in the Bathurst region in 1824 by Governor Brisbane. Ostensibly employed to stop conflict which had escalated beyond the control of the local authorities and return peaceful relations it us to examine the events with a view to better understand the cause and results of the conflict from both sides of the debate.

Essay outline 5 to 8 points with maximum two to three sentences per point. Bathurst Region

1

Fiona Scott-Doran Assignment 1

HIST150

The Bathurst region of New South Wales, during the initial period of settlement, was used predominantly as stock grazing land by settlers. The restrictions on inland settlement by Governor Macquarie had limited the spread of settlement west of and away from Sydney and there had been little conflict between



Bibliography: Brisbane, Sir Thomas, Proclamation of Martial Law, Historical records of Australia, Library Committee of the Commonwealth Parliament, 1914-1925 Broome, Richard, Aboriginal Victims and Voyagers, Confronting Frontier Myths, Journal of Australian Studies, Vol 42, 1994 Connor, John, The Bathurst and Hunter Valley districts 1822-1826, in The Australian frontier wars 1788-1838, Sydney, University of New South Wales Press, 2002 6 Fiona Scott-Doran Assignment 1 HIST150 Griffiths, Tom, Past silences: Aborigines and convicts in our history-making, in Pastiche 1: reflections on nineteenth century Australia, St Leonards, Allen & Unwin, 1994 Kent, David, Frontier Conflict and Aboriginal Deaths: How do we weigh the evidence?, Journal of Australian Colonial History, Vol 8, 2006 Markus, Andrew, Explaining the treatment of non-European immigrants in nineteenth century Australia, Labour history: a journal of labour and social history, Vol 48, 1985 Nelson, H.N., The Missionaries and the Aboriginies in the Port Phillip District, Historical Studies, Australia and New Zealand, Vol 12, Oct 1965 Pearson, Michael, Bathurst Plains and Beyond: European Colonisation and Aboriginal Resistance, 1984 Proclamation of end of martial law Bathurst region, Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser, 23 December 1824 Reynolds, Henry, Violence, the aboriginals, and the Australian historian, Meanjin, Vol 31, 1972 7

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Noel Pearson Summary

    • 376 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Noel Pearson’s ‘An Australian History for us all’ discusses his approach to trying to solve some of the most systemic problems facing Australian Aboriginals today. Through the uses of various language techniques and context, Pearson’s speech details the struggles of the relationship between the first European settlers and Aboriginal Australians.…

    • 376 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    That meaning in areas such as Brittan or Europe history had been recorded in books and literature for future generations and important information, this was seen as not the case in Australia amongst its Aboriginal population. This can now be seen as fiction as much of Australia Aboriginal history is told and recorded through movement such as dance and the passing down of stories from generation to generation. The same can be said for the argument of representatives and politics. Although it is true that the indigenous population at the time didn’t have a universal legal system such as those found in more western cultures it is clear and evident that the land was divided into different areas, states if you will, and belonged to different clans. Not so different to country’s such as Scotland just a couple of century’s prior. Each tribe had its own laws governing its people, from punishments for crimes committed to interaction and political relations with other…

    • 1048 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    No Sugar Play Analysis

    • 469 Words
    • 2 Pages

    An Indigenous person, who legitimately works for payment, gets less as a result than a white person does for literally doing nothing. From this example, it can be inferred that in some cases the Indigenous were used as a resource for the Europeans gain, even at the expense of the Native’s livelihood. Additionally, another example of othering within the 1905 act comes from section 12; “Ministers can dictate where Aboriginals in terms of reserves and boundaries”. Ironically enough, this section is one of the primary forces of conflict driving the play, the gentrification of the Indigenous reserve in order to benefit white authority figures in a political sense. The othering of Indigenous Australian’s predates the 1905 act and is even evident at the very roots of the Australian nation through the establishment of the Australia constitution, section 51, part 26 states; “the people of any race for who it is deemed necessary to make special laws”. Furthermore, it is clear that the marginalisation of the Australian Aborigines came from a systematic, institutionalised sense through the 1905 act, and indirectly through the Australian…

    • 469 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Australian history has been tied to British history since its discovery by James cook in 1778, and its colonial occupation, this creates issues of identity for Australians reading their history. To an 18th…

    • 895 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Best Essays

    Bibliography: Greenwood G & Grimshaw C. (eds) ‘Documents on Australian International Affairs, 1901-1918’ in HIST 329:Australia and the World: An International History, Resource Book 2008, Armidale, University of New England, 2008, pp 11-27.…

    • 3387 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    In 1788, nearly 1000 Europeans arrived to Australia. From this year, conflicts between Aboriginals and Europeans continued until 1860. Before colonization, indigenous people were struck down by diseases introduced by Europeans. Indigenous people had no immunity to new diseases, so the common cold, sexually transmitted disease and smallpox resulted in a rapid decline of their population. In 1856, the British government authorized the appointment of a “Protector of Aborigines” to settle problems such as people’s illness, language and occupation. In 1860, the Victorian government established the Aborigines Protection Board. In 1910, Australia government forcibly took more than 100 000 Aboriginal children from their families and placed in church or state based institutions. (Jupp,J 2001, p.9).…

    • 1625 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The mistreatment of indigenous people started when the European’s took over Australia, and escalated over time. They were considered to be second class citizens. By the time of federation, in 1901, aboriginal people were not included in the constitution or the census and were excluded from society which was known as protectionism. The white Australians believed that they were helping the Aborigines by using the protection policies. But in reality these policies isolated them from their families, traditional land and removed them from their natural heritage and culture. The Aborigines were taught to live like the white Australians so the could assimilate into the white society and were often trained to be slaves for White People. Charles Perkins was an aborigine who like many was taken from his family and land. He was however treated well compared to what most Indigenous…

    • 635 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    However, the ways in which Aboriginal peoples engaged with colonizing society cannot be understood in isolation, without taking into account the broader context. That is, resistance, often including violence, from Indigenous Australians did not occur immediately following invasion. Rather, such acts of violence occurred in response to unequal relations between settlers and Aboriginal peoples, which existed due to colonizer appropriation of Indigenous land, food, and property (Elder 2003, p.…

    • 1633 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Myall Creek Massacre

    • 713 Words
    • 3 Pages

    In the early days of the European settlement of Australia, especially during the 1800’s, it was common for large numbers of Aboriginal people (men, women and children) to be massacred by the white settlers, including by police and soldiers. Most of these were not reported and were known to only a few people. Therefore, there was no action taken to punish the offenders and indeed, there was approval from most white settlers and government officials for this to continue to happen. The Myall Creek massacre in 1838 proved to be a turning point in such attitudes.…

    • 713 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Social Determinants of Health

    • 10946 Words
    • 44 Pages

    Haebich, A. (1988). For their own good: Aborigines and government in the southwest of Western…

    • 10946 Words
    • 44 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Although aspects of a distinct Australian identity had been forming, by federation in 1901, it had not yet fully emerged. There were many reasons for this, mainly because of the ‘crimson thread of kinship’ with Britain.…

    • 1239 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    The topic of ‘the contribution of Indigenous people, unwanted, used and then forgotten’ explores the idea that Indigenous people were not firstly wanted by the Australian Government to participate in conflicts as soldiers, then, were desperately needed and used, only to get forgotten, receiving little to no recognition for their incredible efforts in the wars they served in. At the time of World Wars I and II, Aboriginal Australians were subject to oppression and discrimination under regulations such as the Protection and Assimilation policies. Although, despite the harsh treatment, sufficient numbers of Aboriginal men and women volunteered to participate in the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) during both wars. Volunteering to fight for a country…

    • 1099 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Australian Invasion

    • 895 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The European invasion of Australia in 1780 impacted upon the lives of all the Aboriginal people that lived in and around the invaded areas. When Captain Cook landed in Australia, he declared it as Terra Nullius, and this alone gives a significant insight as to the mentality of the British and their willingness to acknowledge the Aboriginal people and the importance that the land played in their daily lives. As the invaders brought with them their laws, ideals, diseases, livestock and people, the need for land increased and settlers began to venture outwards from the main settlements, the frontier broadened and the Aboriginal population began to shrink. The encroachment upon the land meant that many Aboriginal people were now being forced to come into closer contact with the Europeans. In doing this, the frontier affected the Aboriginal people in ways that ensured that their lives would never be the same and that European ideals affected their lives not only on the frontier but for generations too follow. The invasion of the Australian frontier affected areas in Aboriginal lives such as dispossession, disease, large-scale violence, which led to resistance.…

    • 895 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    conflict of concience

    • 831 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Kate Greenville’s novel, The Secret River, displays the conflict between the English settlers and the Aboriginals. This conflict is the actions of the settlers, believing they could do what they want without contemplating the Aboriginals. The conflict shown in The Secret River was never dealt with. The settlers believed that because they were smarter and more powerful than the Aboriginals, all settlers deserved better than any Aboriginal. Not one English settler was noted for attempting to resolve the amassing conflict with any Aboriginal at the time. Without any conflicts being dealt with at this stage in our bloodshed history, depleted relations with the Aboriginal people continue. However why should our ancestor’s actions and words reflect how Australian’s of today’s society feel and act towards Aboriginals. It is the people of yesteryears and their actions that continue to torment and emotionally scar our Aboriginal people. If we are to completely move forward from this horrifying ordeal, we must act upon this conflict.…

    • 831 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Indigenous Health

    • 1502 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Indigenous populations have been the carers and custodians of Australia and the Torres Strait for a period in excess of 60,000 years before being invaded/colonialised by the British on January 26, 1788 (Hampton & Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). Before this time, it is suggested that Indigenous Australians lived relatively affluent lives and enjoyed generally better health than most people living in Europe (Hampton & Toombs, Indigenous Australian concepts of health and well-being, 2013). The arrival of introduced diseases, especially smallpox, caused considerable loss of life among Indigenous Australians. The impact of this is loss extended far beyond the immediate victims of disease, affecting the very fabric of Indigenous societies through depopulation and social disruption (MacRae, et al., 2012). Whilst introduced diseases were the most substantial part of the Indigenous Australians mortality, death caused by direct conflict also contributed significantly (Elder, 2003).…

    • 1502 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays