Euthyphro Vs Socrates
The unique works of pre-Socratic philosophers was the use a very early form of scientific thinking through speculative inquiry and later rational inquiry. These pre-Socratic philosophers were searching for the very first fundamental principles or causes called Arche. Their thinking was based speculative and rational inquiry in the subjects of cosmology and were often critical of mythopoetic tales and cosmogony.
16. What was Thales looking for?
Thales was looking for the basic stuff, known as physis, which all things were made of. Thales believed this fundamental substance was water.
17. What were the 4 basic elements for Empedocles?
The four fundamental elements described by Empedocles were earth, fire, water, and air.
18. What was Pythagoras …show more content…
fundamental contribution to the world of though?
The fundamental contribution of Pythagoras was in coming to conclusions based on reason rather than on the fallible senses.
19. What did Heraclitus believe about all things?
Heraclitus believed that all things are changing and in perpetual flux. That both being and permanence were unreal and becoming is the basis of for all that is real.
20. What was reality for Parmenides?
Parmenides believe that reality was that which was permanent and never changed. That reality was being something rather than becoming it. That all changes in the world are simply an illusion of the senses.
21. What sort of questions was Socrates concerned with? List a few of the “key events in Socrates lifetime.”
Socrates was concerned with several questions regarding the nature of life, knowledge, beauty, and goodness. Socrates was concerned with the question of how to live a good life throughout his adult life and came to the conclusion that searching for objective truths was how to live a good life. When Socrates was near his death, Socrates questioned the nature of death and whether or not the soul survived death.
22. Why did the Delphic Oracle say “there is no one wiser than Socrates”? How did Socrates interpret this?
The Delphic oracle said that “there was no one wiser than Socrates,” do to his inquisitive nature and his willingness to admit that he himself is ignorant. At first Socrates was confused that he was considered wise, but came to believe that through his recognition and open admission that he lacked knowledge, that he was indeed knowledgeable.
23. What did Meletus accuse Socrates of? Approximately how old was Socrates, and what significance does it have at his trial?
Meletus accused Socrates of impiety and corrupting the youth.
Socrates at this point in time was in his seventies which brought confusion as to how a well-aged man well respected and revered was charged with such a crime.
24. Who is Euthyphro and what was the nature of the discussion he had with Socrates? And, what is the Divine Command Theory?
Euthyphro was a young man who posted charges upon his father for killing one of his servants. Socrates had inquired why Euthyphro did such a thing. Euthyphro says he is being pious. Euthyphro describes piety as pleasing the gods described in old tales. Divine Command Theory is that what is good, is what is deemed good or done by the gods.
25. What was the nature of Socrates trial? What was Socrates Defense? Why was he convicted? Why was he sentenced to death?
Socrates is accused of impiety and corrupting the youth and is asked to take an oath to tell only the truth and to accept the verdict given by the jury. Socrates was allowed to defend himself until sundown. Socrates defends himself in his usual manner by questioning the wisdom of Lycon, Anytos, and Meletus. He also questions the charges brought upon him and asks for evidence for his impiety and corruption of youth, where none is provided. Socrates is found guilty and sentenced to
death.
26. Socrates believed that no harm can come to a good man, neither in life nor in death. What do you think he meant, and do you agree?
Socrates believed that a truly good man, who had proper moral and practical sensibilities, could not harm anyone in his life, and his actions and beliefs could not harm anyone after his passing. Due to his proper moral sensibilities, a good man would have good intent, and with good practical sensibilities, a good man would be able to execute such good intentions without producing harmful consequences.
27. Why did Socrates think it was wrong to escape from jail and flee the city after his conviction?
Socrates had taken an oath that he would accept the jury verdict. This means he would have stay in jail until he is drink hemlock poison and die. Escaping jail would breaking his oath, something Socrates felt would prevent him from being a good person and making him worthy of execution.
28. Briefly describe Plato’s Theory of Forms.
Socrates had taken an oath that he would accept the jury verdict. This means he would have stay in jail until he is drink hemlock poison and die. Escaping jail would breaking his oath, something Socrates felt would prevent him from being a good person and making him worthy of execution.
29. What are Socrates four arguments for the existence of the Soul?
The first argument would be that Socrates would have his audience acknowledge that the dead come from the living, so Socrates reasons that if things come in opposites then the living come from the dead. Therefore, the soul existed before it came into the body and will exist when it leaves again.
In Socrates’s second argument he would remind his audience about the theory of knowledge. That we know various things through an act of recollection in which our soul remembers what it knew before it came into the body. So because of the theory of knowledge as remembering we are assured that the soul exists prior to entering the body.
In his third argument Socrates argued that what exists forever is always the same and is uncompounded. It is spiritual, immaterial and immortal. The soul is invisible, unchanging and divine; unlike the body which is visible, changing and mortal. The soul is thus spiritual and like the divine and so humans have a duty to keep it pure and thus it shall be immortal. Souls need to be properly separated from the body so as to insure their continued existence otherwise it becomes like unto a ghost that will want to return to the flesh. The properly detached soul in virtue will live free of the body in the heavens.
Socrates’s final argument explains how the absolute essences cannot admit their opposite, and since the soul is the essence of life, there is no way it could become death. Therefore, the soul is immortal. It is generally recognized that God and the essential form of life and the immortal will never perish. Thus when death attacks a man, the body may die, but the immortal soul retires at the approach of death and is preserved safe and sound, and truly exists in another world.
30. Socrates said the “unexamined life is not worth living.” What do you think he meant by this? And, do you agree?
When Socrates said “unexamined life is not worth living” he meant that one should strive for truth and knowledge in their life, and not doing so defeats the purpose of life. To a certain extent, I agree with this statement. I do believe one should desire to know truth in life and it should be a major motivation in one’s life to better understand themselves and the world around them.
31. What is Socratic Method/Dialectic?
The Socratic Method/Dialectic is a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presumptions.
16. What was Thales looking for?
Thales was looking for the basic stuff, known as physis, which all things were made of. Thales believed this fundamental substance was water.
17. What were the 4 basic elements for Empedocles?
The four fundamental elements described by Empedocles were earth, fire, water, and air.
18. What was Pythagoras …show more content…
fundamental contribution to the world of though?
The fundamental contribution of Pythagoras was in coming to conclusions based on reason rather than on the fallible senses.
19. What did Heraclitus believe about all things?
Heraclitus believed that all things are changing and in perpetual flux. That both being and permanence were unreal and becoming is the basis of for all that is real.
20. What was reality for Parmenides?
Parmenides believe that reality was that which was permanent and never changed. That reality was being something rather than becoming it. That all changes in the world are simply an illusion of the senses.
21. What sort of questions was Socrates concerned with? List a few of the “key events in Socrates lifetime.”
Socrates was concerned with several questions regarding the nature of life, knowledge, beauty, and goodness. Socrates was concerned with the question of how to live a good life throughout his adult life and came to the conclusion that searching for objective truths was how to live a good life. When Socrates was near his death, Socrates questioned the nature of death and whether or not the soul survived death.
22. Why did the Delphic Oracle say “there is no one wiser than Socrates”? How did Socrates interpret this?
The Delphic oracle said that “there was no one wiser than Socrates,” do to his inquisitive nature and his willingness to admit that he himself is ignorant. At first Socrates was confused that he was considered wise, but came to believe that through his recognition and open admission that he lacked knowledge, that he was indeed knowledgeable.
23. What did Meletus accuse Socrates of? Approximately how old was Socrates, and what significance does it have at his trial?
Meletus accused Socrates of impiety and corrupting the youth.
Socrates at this point in time was in his seventies which brought confusion as to how a well-aged man well respected and revered was charged with such a crime.
24. Who is Euthyphro and what was the nature of the discussion he had with Socrates? And, what is the Divine Command Theory?
Euthyphro was a young man who posted charges upon his father for killing one of his servants. Socrates had inquired why Euthyphro did such a thing. Euthyphro says he is being pious. Euthyphro describes piety as pleasing the gods described in old tales. Divine Command Theory is that what is good, is what is deemed good or done by the gods.
25. What was the nature of Socrates trial? What was Socrates Defense? Why was he convicted? Why was he sentenced to death?
Socrates is accused of impiety and corrupting the youth and is asked to take an oath to tell only the truth and to accept the verdict given by the jury. Socrates was allowed to defend himself until sundown. Socrates defends himself in his usual manner by questioning the wisdom of Lycon, Anytos, and Meletus. He also questions the charges brought upon him and asks for evidence for his impiety and corruption of youth, where none is provided. Socrates is found guilty and sentenced to
death.
26. Socrates believed that no harm can come to a good man, neither in life nor in death. What do you think he meant, and do you agree?
Socrates believed that a truly good man, who had proper moral and practical sensibilities, could not harm anyone in his life, and his actions and beliefs could not harm anyone after his passing. Due to his proper moral sensibilities, a good man would have good intent, and with good practical sensibilities, a good man would be able to execute such good intentions without producing harmful consequences.
27. Why did Socrates think it was wrong to escape from jail and flee the city after his conviction?
Socrates had taken an oath that he would accept the jury verdict. This means he would have stay in jail until he is drink hemlock poison and die. Escaping jail would breaking his oath, something Socrates felt would prevent him from being a good person and making him worthy of execution.
28. Briefly describe Plato’s Theory of Forms.
Socrates had taken an oath that he would accept the jury verdict. This means he would have stay in jail until he is drink hemlock poison and die. Escaping jail would breaking his oath, something Socrates felt would prevent him from being a good person and making him worthy of execution.
29. What are Socrates four arguments for the existence of the Soul?
The first argument would be that Socrates would have his audience acknowledge that the dead come from the living, so Socrates reasons that if things come in opposites then the living come from the dead. Therefore, the soul existed before it came into the body and will exist when it leaves again.
In Socrates’s second argument he would remind his audience about the theory of knowledge. That we know various things through an act of recollection in which our soul remembers what it knew before it came into the body. So because of the theory of knowledge as remembering we are assured that the soul exists prior to entering the body.
In his third argument Socrates argued that what exists forever is always the same and is uncompounded. It is spiritual, immaterial and immortal. The soul is invisible, unchanging and divine; unlike the body which is visible, changing and mortal. The soul is thus spiritual and like the divine and so humans have a duty to keep it pure and thus it shall be immortal. Souls need to be properly separated from the body so as to insure their continued existence otherwise it becomes like unto a ghost that will want to return to the flesh. The properly detached soul in virtue will live free of the body in the heavens.
Socrates’s final argument explains how the absolute essences cannot admit their opposite, and since the soul is the essence of life, there is no way it could become death. Therefore, the soul is immortal. It is generally recognized that God and the essential form of life and the immortal will never perish. Thus when death attacks a man, the body may die, but the immortal soul retires at the approach of death and is preserved safe and sound, and truly exists in another world.
30. Socrates said the “unexamined life is not worth living.” What do you think he meant by this? And, do you agree?
When Socrates said “unexamined life is not worth living” he meant that one should strive for truth and knowledge in their life, and not doing so defeats the purpose of life. To a certain extent, I agree with this statement. I do believe one should desire to know truth in life and it should be a major motivation in one’s life to better understand themselves and the world around them.
31. What is Socratic Method/Dialectic?
The Socratic Method/Dialectic is a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presumptions.