Evolution of management
Developments of Social Person Era
-managementMasca Indra T masca_indra@yahoo.com masca.indra@sbm-itb.ac.id
Developments in the Era of Social
Person
Developments in the Era of Social
Person
Scientific
Management
Social Person Era
Toward
Organizational
Behavior
Toward
Organizational
Theory
Toward General
Management
Theory
Background of organization
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Greek philosopher Plato wrote about the essence of leadership.
Aristotle addressed the topic of persuasive communication.
Adam Smith advocated a new form of organizational structure based on the division of labor.
One hundred years later, German sociologist Max Weber wrote about rational organizations and initiated discussion of charismatic leadership.
Frederick Winslow Taylor introduced the systematic use of goal setting and rewards to motivate employees.
In the 1920s, Australian-born Harvard professor Elton Mayo and his colleagues conducted productivity studies at Western Electric's Hawthorne plant in the
United States.
Though it traces its roots back to Max Weber and earlier, organizational studies began as an academic discipline with the advent of scientific management in the
1890s, with Taylorism representing the peak of this movement..
After the First World War, the focus of organizational studies shifted to how human factors and psychology affected organizations, a transformation propelled by the identification of the Hawthorne Effect. This Human Relations Movement focused on teams, motivation, and the actualization of the goals of individuals within organizations.Prominent early scholars included Chester Barnard, Henri
Fayol, Frederick Herzberg, Abraham Maslow, David McClelland, and Victor Vroom.
Scientific Management
•
Scientific management is defined as the use of the scientific method to define the “one best way” for a job to be done.
•
Frederick W. Taylor is known as the “father” of scientific management.
-managementMasca Indra T masca_indra@yahoo.com masca.indra@sbm-itb.ac.id
Developments in the Era of Social
Person
Developments in the Era of Social
Person
Scientific
Management
Social Person Era
Toward
Organizational
Behavior
Toward
Organizational
Theory
Toward General
Management
Theory
Background of organization
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Greek philosopher Plato wrote about the essence of leadership.
Aristotle addressed the topic of persuasive communication.
Adam Smith advocated a new form of organizational structure based on the division of labor.
One hundred years later, German sociologist Max Weber wrote about rational organizations and initiated discussion of charismatic leadership.
Frederick Winslow Taylor introduced the systematic use of goal setting and rewards to motivate employees.
In the 1920s, Australian-born Harvard professor Elton Mayo and his colleagues conducted productivity studies at Western Electric's Hawthorne plant in the
United States.
Though it traces its roots back to Max Weber and earlier, organizational studies began as an academic discipline with the advent of scientific management in the
1890s, with Taylorism representing the peak of this movement..
After the First World War, the focus of organizational studies shifted to how human factors and psychology affected organizations, a transformation propelled by the identification of the Hawthorne Effect. This Human Relations Movement focused on teams, motivation, and the actualization of the goals of individuals within organizations.Prominent early scholars included Chester Barnard, Henri
Fayol, Frederick Herzberg, Abraham Maslow, David McClelland, and Victor Vroom.
Scientific Management
•
Scientific management is defined as the use of the scientific method to define the “one best way” for a job to be done.
•
Frederick W. Taylor is known as the “father” of scientific management.