The modern piano 2. Which instrument responds more rapidly to the player's touch?
The 18th-c. piano 3. An extended range of available notes (seven-and-a-quarter octaves, instead of just five) is a feature of the modern piano 4. If the relationship between two (or more) musical tones is simple and stable, we call the combination consonant 5. When composers combine tones successively, we call the resulting series a melody 6. By the late 18th century, the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation was best characterized as a motley assortment of literally hundreds of small, mostly impotent city-states ("Kleinstaaten") 7. In the context of Beethoven's Europe, the term "Elector" referred to a ruler within the Holy Roman Empire, sharing the authority to empower the next Emperor 8. In political contexts, the 1600s (a.k.a. the 17th century) is often referred to as the Age of Absolutism 9. When Beethoven was born, there was no such country as "Germany"; instead, Bonn represented just one city-state within the Holy Roman Empire 10. A recurring pattern of beats (e.g., strong, weak, weak, strong, weak, weak) is called a meter 11. A texture in which all voice mutually echo a consistent theme is called imitative polyphony. 12. In the musical domain, C.G. Neefe introduced the young Beethoven to the works of J.S. Bach 13. Our protagonist's only important composition teacher in Bonn was Christian Gottlob Neefe, a Saxon composer, organist, and conductor 14. Our protagonist's father was Johann van Beethoven, a court tenor and music teacher of moderate talent, whose alcoholism hobbled his career 15. The late-18th-c. German literary movement that stressed natural feeling and exuberant originality (in opposition to neoclassical formalism) was called Sturm und Drang (“storm and stress”) 16. Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Schiller, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe were all important figures in the intellectual