PNP or paranitrophenol is an organic compound that undergoes changes when the pH is manipulated of the solution. PNP is also an acid/ base indicator. The compounded starts off as internal conjugated ring with the hydroxyl group and the nitro group single bonded to the aromatic ring. This occurs at the pH of 5. At this point the aromatic compound is colorless and is in the ultraviolet range. However, as the pH begins to increase the hydroxyl group deprotonates, leaving the oxygen with a negative 1 charge. The molecule compensates for the negative charge by conforming to a more stable resonance structure. The structure now has the oxygen and the nitrogen for the nitro group double bonded to the ring. The negative charge lies with one the oxygen atom that is a part of the nitro group. This lead to a highly conjugated system. If a system is conjugated the compound shows the presence by giving off a color. In PNP the color change is most visible at the pH of 10.…
Rand, A., & Branden, N. (1964). The virtue of selfishness, a new concept of egoism.…
James Rachel writes about ethic egoism and psychological egoism and the comparison of the two. First it is important to understand the differences’ between the two of them. Ethic Egoism is the moral theory that states we ought to act only from self-love or by a standard view of how men should act. Psychological egoism, in contrast, is a view that all men are in fact selfish and everything that they do is selfish, and the only motive used for acts is in self-interest.…
If you could have access to anything that you want whenever you want would you? I believe that a vast majority of people would answer this with a yes. That is because everyone is at some level worried about themselves usually more than others. The philosophy behind this idea is called ethical egoism or the idea of putting one’s self before others. John Gardner’s Grendel hones in on this philosophy in chapter six.…
Ego, a sense of self, is a conflict that all characters must face in many different genres and literatures. Many people have their own definition of what ego means, however, www.dictionary.com defines ego as the “I or self of any person; a person as thinking, feeling, or willing, and distinguishing itself from the selves of others and from objects of its thought. Many authors use ego as a central theme because it can easily be related to the reader and the audience. Throughout our world today many define others as having an alter ego or a superego. As I grew up I learned that having an ego meant to be yourself, that is how I know to live my life. It is important for us not to fully depend on others, but to have confidence within ourselves. Our society is very unique about our actions, finding our sense of self is difficult because of the changing perspective in the world. Ego is shown through the society, being an individual, and looking towards others for guidance. In the novels Anthem, Life of Pi, Girl in Hyacinth Blue and the play Julius Caesar, along with the essay of Self – Reliance, all similar, but different in the same way, the authors each explore the concept of ego; ultimately, they argue that you can’t have freedom unless you know who your real self is.…
Using Brett as the protagonist, Monk opens the novel with a prologue that describes Brett as delinquent and confused teenager who refuses to take responsibility for his own actions. His intolerance leads him to committing a crime - breaking him into a bottle shop; this explains why he is in the institution called the "farm", which can be described as a "half-way house" with between no security and maximum security. This institution accommodates troubled teenagers, in which it is their second chance to become better individuals. Throughout the novel Brett is symbolized as the troubled teenager who overcomes his ignorance.…
Two aspects of human nature Twain is commenting on is selfishness…
Further on, Brett is symbolized as the troubled teenager who overcomes his ignorance. In the novel RAW the audience have gained a clear understanding of how the character Brett is. Scott Monk describes Brett as delinquent and confused teenager who refuses to take responsibility for his own actions. His intolerance leads him to committing a crime; (breaking him into a bottle shop) this explains why he is in the institution called the "farm".…
In the text Twenty Questions by G Lee Bowie, I chose the chapter “Why Shouldn’t I Be Selfish”? In that chapter the two selections that were chosen were The Selfish Gene by Richard Dawkins and The Virtue of Selfishness by Ayn Rand. The two discuss and give examples of how selfishness is simply for survival and how being selfish can benefit that individual. The term selfishness stated by Ayn Rand is defined as “concern with one’s own interest” (525). In both selections of the chapter both philosophers compared how ones selfish action is based on the question, who benefits from it? Based off of both selections “The Selfish Gene” and “The Virtue of Selfishness” it can be agreed that when one is selfish he thinks of only the benefits he gain from it and not his rival.…
1.) Psychological egoism is not an ethical theory, but a descriptive view about human behavior. Given this, how might the truth of psychological egoism have implications on ethics?…
James Rachels argues against theories of selfishness that the psychological egoists maintain. He challenges the view that everyone always does what he or she wants by showing that we often dounpleasant tasks for the future pleasures or from obligation. Altruism is recognized as not acting in self interest. He also clears up the confusions that selfishness and self interest share the same meaning. *Psychological egoists argue that we always do what we want to do. Rachel says that is questionable and there are two classes of actions that are exceptions to the generalization. One is a set of actions we do not want to do but we do as a means toan end we want to achieve. For example, going to the dentist to fix a toothache or going to work everyday to get paid at the end of the month. The other set of actions are those which we do, not because we want to or because there is an end to achieve but because we feel obligation to do them. Rachel states for example, someone may do something because he or she has promised to do it and thus feels obligated, even though he or she does not want to do it. The second statement psychological egoists argue is that, to do what one wants to do is acting selfishly, therefore we always act selfishly. Rachels states this example, Smith wants to do something that will help his friend even if it means putting on hold his own enjoyments, and Rachel says that is what makes Smith unselfish. Rachel says the mere fact that I am acting on my wants does not mean I am acting selfishly; that depends on what it is that I want. If I want only my own good, and care nothing for others, then I am selfish; but if I also want to help other people, and if I act on that desire, then m y actions are not selfish.*The psychological egoism stance can ask then why Smith gets satisfaction from helping hisfriend and the answer is because he is selfish. But actually if we have a positive attitude towards reaching a goal, we get satisfaction from reaching the goal.…
Brett is the main characters, at the start he is the bad guy, however, by the end he is friends with people and has changed…
People who want things act selfishly. Characters act selfishly when they want land. Thomas Putnam wants everyone’s land for himself because he is greedy he clearly states that he doesn’t want anyone on his land when he says to Giles and John, “You load one oak of mine and you’ll fight to drag it home”(32). Thomas does not like to share with others, he only takes what he wants, and that happens to be his neighbors land. Thomas acts selfishly in order to obtain the land he desires. Secondly, Characters act selfishly when they want attention. Betty wants attention, she is only a child but she will still act selfishly to get others to pay attention to her. The author describes, “Betty is rising from her bed, a fever in her eyes, and picks up the chant” (48). The fever in Betty’s eyes is her thirst for power; she selfishly picks up the chant because that is exactly what it will give her. Thirdly, Characters act selfishly when they want to attain romance. Abigail acts selfishly because she wants to have a relationship with John Proctor. When John and Abigail are alone, Abigail reveals, “John-I am waitin’ for you every night” (22). Abigail is extremely selfish by wanting John because of the fact that he has a wife. Abigail and John had an affair and even though John is pushing her away, she clearly wants to have her “stallion” again. Therefore, people who want things for themselves act selfishly.…
Between 1781 and 1789, the United States was governed by the Articles of Confederation. Following the rebellion against Great Britain, it was an agreement between representatives of the thirteen colonies to establish themselves as sovereign states with their own set of laws. However, while it provided a strong base for the constitution, without modifications it failed to effectively govern the United States.…
I certify that ‘Medical Advancement in Reproductive Health and the Law in Kenya in Relation to Human Dignity and Public policy’ is my own work and that all sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. That these work either in part or wholly have never been presented anywhere else for academic assessment or award.…