Explain How To Understand Anatomy And Physiology Of The Human Body
◦
HSC2028 MOVE AND POSITION
INDIVIDUALS IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THEIR PLAN OF CARE.
◦ Outcome 1. Understand anatomy and physiology in relation to moving and positioning individuals.
◦ 1.1 As care workers part of our role is to help people move and reposition in the safest possible way. To enable us to do this we need to understand the anatomy and physiology of the human body.
Understanding this reduces the risk of harm to you or the person in you care. The spinal columns made up of individual bones and there are joints that connect these together. A ligament connects bones to support joints ◦ Muscles work like levers and this allows bones at a joint to work like a hinge.The fibres they contain contract which makes the muscle shorten which …show more content…
pulls on the tendons and then on the bone which it is attached to. The muscle contracts and pulls the bone in the direction it's designed to move in.When the person has reduced mobility it can cause the muscle to weaken and make movement much slower and more difficult but if they are used regularly they stay strong and move much easier.
Muscle can only move bones as far as the joint allows if this is pushed beyond its range it will cause pain and damage the joint.Nerve fibres can be damaged easily and these send impulses to the muscles, which enables the muscle to contract and relax these can be caused through poor handling and moving techniques.People must never be dragged or pulled suddenly as this may cause severe damage to the ligaments and tear tendons which can cause severs pain. Putting to much pressure on a persons arm or hand when moving them from one position to another may cause the bones to fracture this can also happen if there is an accident while moving them for example using the wrong size sling on a hoist and the person falls out.
◦ 1.2 People with dementia need to be told what is going to happen and the task should be carried out in stages explaining everything as you go along.People with arthritis need to be moved slowly and smoothly and not attempt to move the joints beyond their limits.Blind people will need clear verbal instructions and be guided around any objects in their vicinity,People who have had strokes that may be weak on one side
may need to be guided to put any pressure on their strong side.People with cerebral palsy may have muscles or joints that are fixed rigid so we need to ensure good
communication skills are used at all times to reduce the risk of accidents.finally people who have had limbs amputated will need support and help to move and reposition properly depending on where the amputation is.
Outcome 2. Understand current legislation and agreed ways of working when moving and positioning individuals
◦ 2.1Describe how current legislation and agreed ways of working affect working practices related to moving and positioning individuals.
◦ Whenever a care worker supports or moves the weight of a person they are Manuel handling that person.
Unsafe techniques can cause injury to the carer or the person you are helping to move. (HSE) the health and safety executive reported that 50% of the accidents which happen each year are in the health and social care sector involving the handling and and movement of people's mobility.
◦ There is a legislation in place to protect people it is the health and safety at work act 1974 this is to make sure your employer maintains your health safety and welfare and that you maintain the health safety and welfare of the people in your care.
◦ The manual handling operations regulations were updated in 2002 to Integrate the European directives of moving and handling loads. They impose duties on employers employees and the self employed. It states that the employer must avoid all hazardous activities where possible. They have to access the risk of the task and take action to reduce it to the lowest level
possible and the employee must follow these systems to ensure their safety while handling these loads.
◦ The lifting operations and lifting equipment regulations(LOLER) introduced that employers must provide safe and properly maintained equipment to be able to carry out the task required and that staff must be properly trained.
◦ There is no such thing as a completely safe manual handling operation but working within the guidelines will cut the risk and reduce the need for a more detailed assessment.The(MHOR) for employers says that a risk assessment must be carried out on all moves to reduce the risk of injuries from happening and to avoid dangerous moving and handling; the employee's responsibilities are to use the equipment as they have been trained to do so and to follow all the health and safety working practices so as to avoid putting themselves or other people at risk, reporting any hazards or risks to their employer.
◦ Policies and procedures will affect the way we move and position people in the environments here we work eg: if you work in A+E you may have to logroll people who have suspected injuries to their spine this involves taking some of the patients weight but there should be an agreed way of doing this identifying the amount of people needed to carry out this manoeuvre.
◦ If we are working in a care home and we need to roll people to help with their personal care or to prevent them getting pressure sores we should follow the moving and handling policy that covers these issues its our responsibility to read and follow these procedures.
◦ 2.2 Describe what health and safety factors need to be taken into account when moving and positioning individuals and any equipment used to do this.
◦ There are a number of safety factors that need to be considered before moving and and positioning people and any equipment you are going to use to do this.
◦ You need to think about the activity
◦ The equipment that you are going to use
◦ The people you are going to be moving and positioning
◦ The environment that you are in.
Yourself and others
When thinking about the activity you should question yourself first of all what is the activity? Are you helping them to walk , stand,roll or turn? If you are helping them to walk to the toilet how far is it? Is there anyone else helping you? And how long you think it will take to do this.
You need to check the environment that the task your'e carrying out is free from obstacles and obstruction that could put you or your patient in danger are there any steps or uneven floor surfaces such as rugs or frayed carpets that can cause you or the patient to trip on, also is there plenty of space to do the task .
The person you are moving must be the main focus of the activity you must know there capabilities and how much you are going to need to do to help them I will help promote their independence by asking what they are capable of doing themselves and allowing them to do these things knowing you
are close by if they need you to assist them and you need to know if they have done these activity's before, you need to check wether they have any drips or catheter bags or wound drains attached that will need to be moved with them without causing any accidents.You need to know there height and weight so you can calculate how many people you are going to need to assist with the process.
Before moving the person you have to consider your suitability to carry out the task have you and your colleagues had the moving and handling training are you fit and well and are you wearing the proper clothing to carry out the procedures required have you got the correct footwear for the task ahead.
The equipment you are using must be the correct piece of equipment for the job it must be clean in good working order and properly maintained you must ask the person you are assisting if they used the equipment before and if so was there any problems and you should only use the equipment if you have been trained on it you should have a checklist to go through before you carry out the task.Is the person you are moving weight-bearing? Why is the task being carried out and can it be achieved ?, are they unsteady on there feet how mobile are they?,what weight and height are they?, is the equipment you need available?, if not how you can carry out the task safely are there sufficient people around to carry out the task? We have to eleaviate any risks by checking all of the above.The equipment being used should have service records and these should be checked and signed a regular intervals and the reports available for all to check.
Outcome 6 Know when to seek advice from and/or involve others when moving and positioning an individual
6.1 Describe when advice and/or assistance should be sought to move or handle an individual
Advice or/and assistance should be sought to move or handle an individual safely
-When the manoeuvre is difficult and risky to the health and safety of both the individual and the carer as this is against the law and can cause injury.
-When the wrong equipment is available or the equipment that is available is faulty or damaged and could cause serious harm or injury and should be removed from service until it's replaced or repaired. If the equipment gets removed from service it's impossible to carry out the task required you will have to get advice on to carry out the task or ask for it to be reassessed.
-When the care plan says there should be two carers to perform the task and you are the only person available you will need a ice on what to do.
-When the carer is not sure how to complete the task or use the equipment. If the carer has not had full training on how to use the equipment or carry out the moving and handling correctly you will need to talk to your manager before attempting to carry out the tasks if you carry out tasks beyond your capabilities and knowledge you may cause injury to yourself and the person you are supporting.
-When the individual ask you to carry out a task that is outside of the care plan that could harm them or yourselves as we are not allowed to go outside of the care plan as this would be unsafe for both parties concerned.
-When the person you are caring for refuses to cooperate and this can cause them to become angry and then there can be a breakdown of trust between both parties.try to be professional and encourage the person that you are doing it for their best interests but if you can't you will need to to involve seniors to
help to rectify the situation as you cannot perform the task without the consent of the person or their advocate.
6.2 Describe what sources of information are available about moving and positioning individuals.
Sources of information about moving and positioning individuals are risk assessments and support plans these are specific documents for individuals you support. There are other sources of more general information for moving and positioning people such as your organisation's policy for moving and handling. This will probably include information for eg: what to do when a person cannot give consent themselves, what you should do in an emergency, how to record adverse reactions,how often staff should attend training and the training requirements, how to perform and record moving and handling assessments .
The health and safety exec (HSE) provide a wide range of resources and materials that you can print off about employers or employee responsibilities This is general information about the laws and regulations and suggestions for care settings to apply the law to meet people's needs.
Also other good sources are legislation eg: The health and safety at work act1974
Manuel handling operations regulations 1992 (amended 2002)
Mental capacity act 2005
Lifting operations and lifting equipment regulations 1992
(LOLER)
◦
HSC2028 MOVE AND POSITION
INDIVIDUALS IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THEIR PLAN OF CARE.
◦ Outcome 1. Understand anatomy and physiology in relation to moving and positioning individuals.
◦ 1.1 As care workers part of our role is to help people move and reposition in the safest possible way. To enable us to do this we need to understand the anatomy and physiology of the human body.
Understanding this reduces the risk of harm to you or the person in you care. The spinal columns made up of individual bones and there are joints that connect these together. A ligament connects bones to support joints ◦ Muscles work like levers and this allows bones at a joint to work like a hinge.The fibres they contain contract which makes the muscle shorten which …show more content…
pulls on the tendons and then on the bone which it is attached to. The muscle contracts and pulls the bone in the direction it's designed to move in.When the person has reduced mobility it can cause the muscle to weaken and make movement much slower and more difficult but if they are used regularly they stay strong and move much easier.
Muscle can only move bones as far as the joint allows if this is pushed beyond its range it will cause pain and damage the joint.Nerve fibres can be damaged easily and these send impulses to the muscles, which enables the muscle to contract and relax these can be caused through poor handling and moving techniques.People must never be dragged or pulled suddenly as this may cause severe damage to the ligaments and tear tendons which can cause severs pain. Putting to much pressure on a persons arm or hand when moving them from one position to another may cause the bones to fracture this can also happen if there is an accident while moving them for example using the wrong size sling on a hoist and the person falls out.
◦ 1.2 People with dementia need to be told what is going to happen and the task should be carried out in stages explaining everything as you go along.People with arthritis need to be moved slowly and smoothly and not attempt to move the joints beyond their limits.Blind people will need clear verbal instructions and be guided around any objects in their vicinity,People who have had strokes that may be weak on one side
may need to be guided to put any pressure on their strong side.People with cerebral palsy may have muscles or joints that are fixed rigid so we need to ensure good
communication skills are used at all times to reduce the risk of accidents.finally people who have had limbs amputated will need support and help to move and reposition properly depending on where the amputation is.
Outcome 2. Understand current legislation and agreed ways of working when moving and positioning individuals
◦ 2.1Describe how current legislation and agreed ways of working affect working practices related to moving and positioning individuals.
◦ Whenever a care worker supports or moves the weight of a person they are Manuel handling that person.
Unsafe techniques can cause injury to the carer or the person you are helping to move. (HSE) the health and safety executive reported that 50% of the accidents which happen each year are in the health and social care sector involving the handling and and movement of people's mobility.
◦ There is a legislation in place to protect people it is the health and safety at work act 1974 this is to make sure your employer maintains your health safety and welfare and that you maintain the health safety and welfare of the people in your care.
◦ The manual handling operations regulations were updated in 2002 to Integrate the European directives of moving and handling loads. They impose duties on employers employees and the self employed. It states that the employer must avoid all hazardous activities where possible. They have to access the risk of the task and take action to reduce it to the lowest level
possible and the employee must follow these systems to ensure their safety while handling these loads.
◦ The lifting operations and lifting equipment regulations(LOLER) introduced that employers must provide safe and properly maintained equipment to be able to carry out the task required and that staff must be properly trained.
◦ There is no such thing as a completely safe manual handling operation but working within the guidelines will cut the risk and reduce the need for a more detailed assessment.The(MHOR) for employers says that a risk assessment must be carried out on all moves to reduce the risk of injuries from happening and to avoid dangerous moving and handling; the employee's responsibilities are to use the equipment as they have been trained to do so and to follow all the health and safety working practices so as to avoid putting themselves or other people at risk, reporting any hazards or risks to their employer.
◦ Policies and procedures will affect the way we move and position people in the environments here we work eg: if you work in A+E you may have to logroll people who have suspected injuries to their spine this involves taking some of the patients weight but there should be an agreed way of doing this identifying the amount of people needed to carry out this manoeuvre.
◦ If we are working in a care home and we need to roll people to help with their personal care or to prevent them getting pressure sores we should follow the moving and handling policy that covers these issues its our responsibility to read and follow these procedures.
◦ 2.2 Describe what health and safety factors need to be taken into account when moving and positioning individuals and any equipment used to do this.
◦ There are a number of safety factors that need to be considered before moving and and positioning people and any equipment you are going to use to do this.
◦ You need to think about the activity
◦ The equipment that you are going to use
◦ The people you are going to be moving and positioning
◦ The environment that you are in.
Yourself and others
When thinking about the activity you should question yourself first of all what is the activity? Are you helping them to walk , stand,roll or turn? If you are helping them to walk to the toilet how far is it? Is there anyone else helping you? And how long you think it will take to do this.
You need to check the environment that the task your'e carrying out is free from obstacles and obstruction that could put you or your patient in danger are there any steps or uneven floor surfaces such as rugs or frayed carpets that can cause you or the patient to trip on, also is there plenty of space to do the task .
The person you are moving must be the main focus of the activity you must know there capabilities and how much you are going to need to do to help them I will help promote their independence by asking what they are capable of doing themselves and allowing them to do these things knowing you
are close by if they need you to assist them and you need to know if they have done these activity's before, you need to check wether they have any drips or catheter bags or wound drains attached that will need to be moved with them without causing any accidents.You need to know there height and weight so you can calculate how many people you are going to need to assist with the process.
Before moving the person you have to consider your suitability to carry out the task have you and your colleagues had the moving and handling training are you fit and well and are you wearing the proper clothing to carry out the procedures required have you got the correct footwear for the task ahead.
The equipment you are using must be the correct piece of equipment for the job it must be clean in good working order and properly maintained you must ask the person you are assisting if they used the equipment before and if so was there any problems and you should only use the equipment if you have been trained on it you should have a checklist to go through before you carry out the task.Is the person you are moving weight-bearing? Why is the task being carried out and can it be achieved ?, are they unsteady on there feet how mobile are they?,what weight and height are they?, is the equipment you need available?, if not how you can carry out the task safely are there sufficient people around to carry out the task? We have to eleaviate any risks by checking all of the above.The equipment being used should have service records and these should be checked and signed a regular intervals and the reports available for all to check.
Outcome 6 Know when to seek advice from and/or involve others when moving and positioning an individual
6.1 Describe when advice and/or assistance should be sought to move or handle an individual
Advice or/and assistance should be sought to move or handle an individual safely
-When the manoeuvre is difficult and risky to the health and safety of both the individual and the carer as this is against the law and can cause injury.
-When the wrong equipment is available or the equipment that is available is faulty or damaged and could cause serious harm or injury and should be removed from service until it's replaced or repaired. If the equipment gets removed from service it's impossible to carry out the task required you will have to get advice on to carry out the task or ask for it to be reassessed.
-When the care plan says there should be two carers to perform the task and you are the only person available you will need a ice on what to do.
-When the carer is not sure how to complete the task or use the equipment. If the carer has not had full training on how to use the equipment or carry out the moving and handling correctly you will need to talk to your manager before attempting to carry out the tasks if you carry out tasks beyond your capabilities and knowledge you may cause injury to yourself and the person you are supporting.
-When the individual ask you to carry out a task that is outside of the care plan that could harm them or yourselves as we are not allowed to go outside of the care plan as this would be unsafe for both parties concerned.
-When the person you are caring for refuses to cooperate and this can cause them to become angry and then there can be a breakdown of trust between both parties.try to be professional and encourage the person that you are doing it for their best interests but if you can't you will need to to involve seniors to
help to rectify the situation as you cannot perform the task without the consent of the person or their advocate.
6.2 Describe what sources of information are available about moving and positioning individuals.
Sources of information about moving and positioning individuals are risk assessments and support plans these are specific documents for individuals you support. There are other sources of more general information for moving and positioning people such as your organisation's policy for moving and handling. This will probably include information for eg: what to do when a person cannot give consent themselves, what you should do in an emergency, how to record adverse reactions,how often staff should attend training and the training requirements, how to perform and record moving and handling assessments .
The health and safety exec (HSE) provide a wide range of resources and materials that you can print off about employers or employee responsibilities This is general information about the laws and regulations and suggestions for care settings to apply the law to meet people's needs.
Also other good sources are legislation eg: The health and safety at work act1974
Manuel handling operations regulations 1992 (amended 2002)
Mental capacity act 2005
Lifting operations and lifting equipment regulations 1992
(LOLER)
◦