The Methodism was the first religious right to equal out both men and women as much as possible and depended on both working in unison. Some were followed because of their elequant echortation and others were teachers and lay leaders most were unlicensed (p.153). Many widow women were like mothers, confidants and counselors molding intinants along their paths therefore molding the church from within (p. 161). In the turn of the centrury women were not as accepted as being vocal in the church so many just worked withing the cutoms and traditions that they had developed throught the years (p. 154,156). Methodist women used nurtured and protected the church that they helped develop many times in spirit and sometimes literally. Women were not the only minority that would gain more independence through Methodism, Christian black freedment and slaves were also touched by this…
Most mainstream religions and religious organisations tend to be patriarchal and women and men are rarely treated equally. This is shown in religious scriptures for example in the new testament it says “wives be subject to your husband’s for the husband is head of the wife and Christ is head of the church”. In Christianity the creation story shows how eve was created from Adam’s rib and how eve is the basis of original sin. Another example is shown in the Koran which says that men are in charge of women. ItemA mentions “Feminists see religion as a force for subordination and patriarchal oppression. This is supported by evidence such as the differential treatment of women in religious congregations”. This shows women are still oppressed because of traditional religious beliefs.…
Fiorenza, Elisabeth Shüssler. In Memory of Her: A Feminist Theological Reconstruction of Christian Origins. New York: Crossroad, 1994.…
The author in this article questions the gender of god in the face of the onslaught of the question of the female divine; the varied criticisms and the study of the scriptures where God declares to Moses “I am that I am.” The article goes on to defend the male divine in that it argues from religious studies, scriptures and published studies the male nature of God from a Christian’s standpoint. Taking on certain criticisms and arguing against them point by point, the article is a reaction to the threat of women’s liberation and the wave of studies on the female divine. The author of this article goes on to reiterate the actions taken on by other religions to fall into a certain political correctness when discussing god, removing his gender which the author believes is confusing. Since the establishment of early Christianity as God is seen as the “Holy father” and Jesus as His “only Son”, the author of this article argues that God has no gender and that even with the male divine argument, God exists outside sexual differentiation. The attributes of the Male divine in God is due to the fatherhood personified in human worship of 'Him' and the female attributes come from the “female acts” that God is seen to perform according to the scriptures. Even then, the question of God's gender in this article while 'made invalid' due to God's “motherhood” still pronounces the “male divine” being that 'God' even from a Christian viewpoint due to the Jewish patriarchal nature of the Old Testament being that Jewish Theology is heavy on male transcendence. Judaism sees patriarchy as the mandate of giving life and of making reality - women need the male to “be heavy with child”, to look after the family, to carry the line from generation to generation. Thompson however argues that while this is so, the Male Divine is just a manifestation of the “wholeness” that is “God the Holy Spirit” and “Spirits” do not inhibit a corporeal body so gender does not limit them. The Dvine is…
I believe as Christians we need to stand with those who are oppressed, because we as Christians are the visible symbol of God working in this world. So I see the value of liberation theology however, with the feminist theology being a part of liberation theology it has cast a bad light upon a very important aspect of Christian thought. Since a liberation theologians main concern is using social science to move Christianity toward comprehensive liberation they are not concerned with making natural science and Christianity match (p. 546). With the equality in ethnical races and between the sexes we are now seeing the rise of other oppressed groups such as homosexuals, lesbians, and transgender. I can only wonder where liberation theology will go with these…
The “image of God” that R.R. discusses is the result of many factors, beginning with the Greek concept of “logos”, attributed to men as being the characteristic of rationality. Because rationality was only a trait granted to men at the time, it was assumed that God was a male figure, seeing as Jesus was a man. R.R. claims that this is derived from Aristotelian biology, which demeans women to a level less than human. Although even the Church has since discredited this ancient theory, Christology remains the patriarchal chain of command in the Church. R.R. lists some more gender-inclusive aspects of Christology, like an androgynous God, Jesus’ “ben Adam” title which involved male and female characteristics, and Jesus’ close relationship with women that lasted through to his death. She identifies two types of Christianity, patriarchal and mystical/millennialist, which both work off of the assumption of patriarchy’s legitimacy. R.R. argues that Christology must be recast to integrate modern, egalitarian anthropological beliefs, and a perception of Jesus as the paradigm for a collective Church.…
Elizabeth Johnson is one of the greatest female theologians. Elizabeth, a feminist, proposes and seeks out a new imagery on the traditional views of God. She gives her proposal in her work “God Acting Womanish.” In this work she expresses a liberation theology in a way. She decides to bring issues into light to show how woman should be not only equal socially, and politically, but spiritually as well.…
The theologist in this article questions the gender of god in the face of the onslaught of the question of the female divine; the varied criticisms and the study of the scriptures where God declares to Moses “I am that I am.” The article goes on to defend the male divine in that it argues from religious studies, scriptures and published studies the male nature of God from a Christian’s standpoint. Taking on certain criticisms and arguing against them point by point, the article is a reaction to the threat of women’s liberation and the wave of studies on the female divine. The author of this article goes on to reiterate the actions taken on by other religions to fall into a certain political correctness when discussing god, removing his gender which the author believes is confusing. Since the establishment of early Christianity as God is seen as the “Holy father” and Jesus as His “only Son”, the author of this article argues that God has no gender and that even with the male divine argument, God exists outside sexual differentiation. The attributes of the Male divine in God is due to the fatherhood personified in human worship of 'Him ' and the female attributes come from the “female acts” that God is seen to perform according to the scriptures. Even then, the question of God 's gender in this article while 'made invalid ' due to God 's “otherhood” still pronounces the “male divine” being that 'God ' even from a Christian viewpoint due to the Jewish patriarchal nature of the Old Testament being that Jewish Theology is heavy on male transcendence. Judaism sees patriarchy as the mandate of giving life and of making reality - women need the male to “be heavy with child”, to look after the family, to carry the line from generation to generation. Thompson however argues that while this is so, the Male Divine is just a manifestation of the “wholeness” that is “God the Holy Spirit” and “Spirits” do not inhibit a corporeal body so gender does not limit them. He goes…
Thousands of years ago, the Goddess was viewed as an autonomous entity worthy of respect from men and women alike. Because of societal changes caused by Eastern influence, a patriarchical system conquered all aspects of life including religion. Today, the loss of a strong female presence in Judeo-Christian beliefs has prompted believers to look to other sources that celebrate the role of women. Goddess religion and feminist spirituality have increasingly been embraced by men and women as an alternative to the patriarchy found in traditional biblical religion.…
While I understand that organized religions have often been fierce opponents to women’s social and political equality, I consider it a great loss to separate the women’s movement from faith entirely. As Helen LaKelly Hunt, Ph.D, author of Faith and Feminism: A Holy Alliance writes, “the crimes of any religious institution do not negate the value of universal love and the religious ideals at its core. Sadly, human institutions will always be flawed reflections of the values they hope to embody.” Hunt goes on to explain that women’s groups – and I would add, most political organizations and movements – fall short of their stated values and ideals, as…
To this day, religion is still predominantly patriarchal. There have been, however, exceptions in certain denominations. During American colonial times, women could not even join the church. It was not until over a hundred years after colonization that women could begin the religious candidacy process. Fortunately, as new deities were created, women were given more and more opportunities to exemplify what they had to say for the first time in years. A majority of New Light churches required both male and female candidates to publicly declare their faith before they were fully welcomed by the church. Having the ability to declare their faith without male consent was another larger step in breaking gender roles. Even though women rarely spoke in public, the majority of them still chose to share their stories and express themselves in front of everyone, instead of requesting a minister to read their thoughts for them.…
The role of men and women in society has always been a subject of debate. Historically, men have been paid more, have held higher positions of power and have been respected more than women. Feminism is a way of questioning this “norm” and advocating for equal rights. It represents empowering women to not settle for less and continue to strive for what they deserve. Currently, feminism has become a very hot topic of discussion in the past couple of years due to social media, but women have been expressing their injustice since as far back as the early 1900s. Their Eyes Were Watching God encompasses this message, it shows the mindset that women are forced into, their hardships, and ultimately their triumph.…
The Departure From Black Liberation Theology. Womanist theologians do not completely depart from the major views seen in black liberation theology. In fact, it is impossible to understand the role of Christ for the black female without examining black liberation theology and The Black Church. Womanist theology both expands and challenges methodologies used in black liberation theology. Black liberation theology arose out of the Black Power Movement.…
Beck, James R. (Ed.). Two Views on Women in Ministry. Revised ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005. ISBN: 978-0-310-25437-9.…
The ideology of Feminism or women’s liberation is also one that has a long history, dating back to the 1700’s. It is different from black liberation because its’ subject is about women but there are many similarities. Women and black slaves were not allowed to vote, run for public office, own property, and also not allowed to leave an abusive master or husband (Daggar 230). Feminism is the theory…