Introduction
Field hockey is a field-based sport that is characterized with an intermittent nature. It requires athletes to be fit and aware of the environment in which they play. Due to the intermittent nature of the sport athlete must be equipped with the skills and knowledge to deal with the physiological demands placed on them within a match environment such as a change in intensity, endurance work and directional changes. Field hockey has an uneven spilt of 70-80% anaerobic and 30-20% aerobic this ensures that athletes must have the ability to work in both energy systems. Being able to recover fast allows athletes to work within their aerobic system while being heavily contributed by the anaerobic system. By doing this it …show more content…
The new rules provided a faster and more demanding sport for the athletes with the playing surfaces increasing the speed the ball in turn leading to a demand for an increase in the athletes technical ability and physical performance (Lythe & Kilding 2011) With the use of GPS the physical demands of the game can be analyzed very easily, training and matches can be used to help with this analysis. Lythe did a study in 2006 to determine the demands and physiological responses. Lythe found that in a study with 18 elite players a total distance covered by individual players was 6798+2009m with a mean distance per position of 8160+ 428m. A decrease in performance was observed by 4.8% between the two half’s. The game was played mostly in low to moderate intensities with speeds from 19-23km.h-1 accounting for 4.5% and 1.6% of the total distance …show more content…
The role of defenders is to control and manage the space they are in (Lythe & Kilding 2011) and although they spend more time on the field they spend more time at lowest speed and covered the least amount of distance in low to moderate speeds. Konarski in 2010 showed that as far as the velocity of a player are of concern attackers were covering the highest amount of distances in games. Midfielders were next covers a slightly small distance and defenders covering the least.
Gabbetts study in 2006 identifies the needs for individualized training programs. The study looked at the demands during competition and compared them to the demands in game based training. Although the game based training is useful for improving of skills it found that it was of no benefit to physiological demands. Players were spending more time in low intensity and not enough time in high intensity. Small modifications to the group size and the drill methods showed a better simulation of the demands placed on the athletes. Global Positioning System