1. Alliteration - The repetition of an initial consonant sound.
2. Allusion - Figure of speech that makes a reference to or representation of, a place, event, literary work, myth, or work of art, either directly or by implication.
3. Antithesis - The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases.
4. Apostrophe - Breaking off discourse to address some absent person or thing, some abstract quality, an inanimate object, or a nonexistent character.
5. Assonance - Identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words.
6. Euphemism - The substitution of an inoffensive term for one considered offensively explicit.
7. Hyperbole - An extravagant statement; the use of exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis or heightened effect.
8. Irony - The use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. A statement or situation where the meaning is contradicted by the appearance or presentation of the idea.
9. Litotes - A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite.
10. Metaphor - An implied comparison between two unlike things that actually have something important in common.
11. Metonymy - A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated; also, the rhetorical strategy of describing something indirectly by referring to things around it.
12. Onomatopoeia - The use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.
13. Oxymoron - A figure of speech in which incongruous or contradictory terms appear side by side.
14. Paradox - A statement that appears to contradict itself.
15. Personification - A figure of speech in which an inanimate object or abstraction is endowed with human qualities or abilities.
16. Simile - A stated comparison (usually formed with "like" or "as")