Four Ethical Principles

Ans: Medical ethics is a set of moral principals that apply value to the medical practice and research. There are four Principals of healthcare ethics that ensure optimal patient safety and care. These are given below.
1. Autonomy - This principal suggests that the patient has right to retain control over his body. A healthcare professional can advise, but can't force him / her to undergo a medical procedure without his willingness.In othe r words, It is the patient who makes the final decision about his body.
2.Beneficence - It states that all procedures and treatments given to the patient by the healthcare professionals must be with intention to do good to him.
3. Non Maleficence - It means to do no harm. In other words, healthcare professionals will do nothing that may prove to be harmful to the patient. They must also consider the benefit and "No harm" to one and all. They should refrain to do an act that benefits one but harms some other person(s).
4. Justice - A healthcare practitioner should always be fair in all practices and uphold the laws and legislation while making a decision.
It is evident that ethics in medical practice holds such paramount place as held in none other industry.
The
ART pregnencies may be required to be reported by the law. Economical access to all is another ethical issue.Othe issues include selection of gender of the child which may adversely affect the population ratio (this is particularly true in many developing countries), preservation of embryos and gemete donation which include many ethical and legal considerations and obligations. Other issues like development of complications during ART leading to life threatening diseases and surrogacy that raises multiple ethical, moral and legal issues,also pose challenges before the ethical