Friction ridge identification procedures have been widely discussed through literature and in other forums. Edward German’s website (http;//www.onin.com/fp) is a great reference covering basic concepts and a discussion on some known cases of wrong identifications. The acceptability of fingerprint evidence as being scientific has been subject to a Daubert hearing in U.S. v. Mitchell. This hearing led both parties to present their views on principles of fingerprinting identification (Fingerprints and Other Friction Ridge Skin Impressions, Chapter 2, page 15). The outcome was that fingerprint evidence passed the Daubert test. Judicial notice was given to the fact that fingerprints are permanent and unique.
ACE-V (analysis, comparison, evaluation, and verification; figure 4) is a protocol methodology for comparative identification.