Marriage can be recognized by a state, an organization, a religious authority, a tribal group, a local community or peers. It is often viewed as a contract. Civil marriage is the legal concept of marriage as a governmental institution irrespective of religious affiliation, in accordance with marriage laws of the jurisdiction. English common law; adopted by the United States, [understand] a husband and a wife as one person, and that person [is] the husband. Under the doctrine of the coverture, a wife [has] no independent legal identity. She [cannot] sign a contract, own property or money. She is required to provide services and labor for her husband and to obey him; and in return he is required to support her. ( 12) His support obligations are crucial; by marrying, she loses the ability to support herself. Upon marriage a woman
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