Gender Based Analysis Immigration

Canada is a nation built on immigration. While for many years, most immigrants were from European countries, the recent waves of immigration often include immigrants from South Asian, sub-Saharan and middle eastern countries. These recent immigrants do not have the same experience than the French, the Irish or the Italian earlier in the twentieth century. The reason for this is that they have a much different culture. In fact, integration is ‘easier’ in a western country is easier when one is christian and caucasian for instance. However, many recent immigrants are muslims, and are non-caucasian. These immigrants and refugees also often come from traditional societies. As a consequence, they come from societies where norms, values and gender
Gender-based analysis is an important tool to identify challenges immigrants and refugees have to face, and to identify vulnerable groups. We will focus our gender-based analysis on the young immigrants and refugees. When observing a family of immigrants, the younger children usually adapt easily. The reason for this is that their socialization is not over when they arrive in Canada. As a consequence, it is easier for them to understand norms and values, and they even tend to learn English with more ease than their parents - or to lose their accent if English is the official language of their home
First of all, it is important to consider the gender statistics of immigration in Canada. Studies have shown that between 2003 and 2012, the proportion of females and males admitted as permanent residents has been stable. Women usually represent 51%, while males represent 49%. For women, the largest sources of immigration were Philippines, China, India, Pakistan, the United States of America, France, Iran, Haiti, and the United Kingdom. For men, the largest sources of immigration were China, Iran, India, Pakistan, Philippines, Haiti, and Egypt as well. However, the proportion of males and boys in economic class immigrants is more important than females and girls (60 to 70% economic class immigrants were males). This can be explained by the fact that males often immigrate first in Canada, leaving their wife and children back home. After finding a job, and a home, they start the immigration process to have their family join them in Canada. On the other hand, live-in caregiver program permanent residents were mostly women and girls (95%). However, live-in caregiver program permanent residents only represented between 18 and 25% of all economic class immigrants (Consult Citizenship and Immigration Canada’s annual statistical publication,