Social changes often throw into question a phenomenon that previously seemed natural or trivial, turning what was an uninteresting subject of philosophical discussion into a topic of controversy. The rise of “Assisted Reproductive Technologies” (ARTs), increasing multiculturalism, and the explosion of interest in “applied” philosophy have all contributed to a rise of interest in philosophical questions surrounding parenthood and procreation. Contemporary discussions center on the following fundamental and significant questions, such as:
What are the grounds of parenthood? What is it that makes someone a parent? In what respects is parenthood a biological or natural relationship,