Globalization Of Opium
Globalization is the process that businesses and other organizations develop to international influence or begin operating on an international scale. Through most of humankind, trade has been an essential in obtaining products and gaining information. As centuries passed communities developed into nations and trade was conducted on a larger scale, which developed into international trade. Opium, the sticky, yellowish, latex residue that is dried and that comes from the poppy plant, has been a global commodity for centuries. This plant contains approximately 10% of the analgesic alkaloid protein that is chemically processed to produce natural and synthetic opioids that are used both legally and illegally (Drugs.com). The comprehensive history
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Opium was used before the common era when humans were first learning how to use tools to when they developed their first nation-states. The oldest poppy seeds date back to 5000 BCE during the Neolithic age and they are suspected to be used for food, anaesthetics, and ritual purposes. By 3400 BCE, Poppy was cultivated in Mesopotamia. They called it Hul Gil, “the joy plant”, due to its euphoric effects. They then traded this plant with the Assyrians, they traded with the Babylonians and they traded with the Egyptians. In 1300 BCE, Egyptians began the cultivation of poppy fields and traded with Phoenicians and Minoans who traded opium across the Mediterranean Sea to Greece, Carthage, and some European Countries. Hippocrates, dismissed “magic” for the effects of opium. In 460 BCE he acknowledged its use as a narcotic, treating internal diseases, and treating the diseases of women (menopause, menstruation, PMS, etc), as well as other illnesses. Alexander the Great conquered Egypt in 332 BCE he brought opium to Persia (present day Iran) and India. During this time period the distribution of opium traveled along with territories conquered by larger entities …show more content…
Between 1948 and 1972 Corsican (French) gangsters dominated the US heroin market through Mafia drug trades. They refined the drug in Turkey and made it easy to sell large amounts in heroin in New York City. While this was occurring the US and France attempted to restrain the spread of communism. They traded arms with warlords for the production and sale of opium; this created a boom in the illegal heroin market in the United States. Between 1965 and 1970 the US, involved in the Vietnam War, was blamed in the increase of illegal heroin being smuggled into the US. The number of heroin addicts in the US reached approximately 750,000 people. To crack down on the illegal drug distribution President Nixon created the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) on July 1st, 1973. During the mid-70s Saigon fell, and “China White” was replaced with “Mexican Mud” until 1978. The US and Mexican governments sprayed the poppy plants (grown in Mexico) with Agent Orange. Due to the decline of heroin in Mexican and Asian countries; Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan took over the production and trade of illegal heroin. A few decades later in the 1990s, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Mexico, Columbia, and other countries tried their hand in smuggling opioids into the US, but the Clinton Administration created anti-drug campaigns through “institution building”. There were many countries and entities involved in
Opium was used before the common era when humans were first learning how to use tools to when they developed their first nation-states. The oldest poppy seeds date back to 5000 BCE during the Neolithic age and they are suspected to be used for food, anaesthetics, and ritual purposes. By 3400 BCE, Poppy was cultivated in Mesopotamia. They called it Hul Gil, “the joy plant”, due to its euphoric effects. They then traded this plant with the Assyrians, they traded with the Babylonians and they traded with the Egyptians. In 1300 BCE, Egyptians began the cultivation of poppy fields and traded with Phoenicians and Minoans who traded opium across the Mediterranean Sea to Greece, Carthage, and some European Countries. Hippocrates, dismissed “magic” for the effects of opium. In 460 BCE he acknowledged its use as a narcotic, treating internal diseases, and treating the diseases of women (menopause, menstruation, PMS, etc), as well as other illnesses. Alexander the Great conquered Egypt in 332 BCE he brought opium to Persia (present day Iran) and India. During this time period the distribution of opium traveled along with territories conquered by larger entities …show more content…
Between 1948 and 1972 Corsican (French) gangsters dominated the US heroin market through Mafia drug trades. They refined the drug in Turkey and made it easy to sell large amounts in heroin in New York City. While this was occurring the US and France attempted to restrain the spread of communism. They traded arms with warlords for the production and sale of opium; this created a boom in the illegal heroin market in the United States. Between 1965 and 1970 the US, involved in the Vietnam War, was blamed in the increase of illegal heroin being smuggled into the US. The number of heroin addicts in the US reached approximately 750,000 people. To crack down on the illegal drug distribution President Nixon created the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) on July 1st, 1973. During the mid-70s Saigon fell, and “China White” was replaced with “Mexican Mud” until 1978. The US and Mexican governments sprayed the poppy plants (grown in Mexico) with Agent Orange. Due to the decline of heroin in Mexican and Asian countries; Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan took over the production and trade of illegal heroin. A few decades later in the 1990s, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Mexico, Columbia, and other countries tried their hand in smuggling opioids into the US, but the Clinton Administration created anti-drug campaigns through “institution building”. There were many countries and entities involved in