The Ice Age and Ohio
Dr. Adil M. Wadia
April 01, 2013
Glazier Features Observed in Wayne County
Ground Moraine (14,000 to 24,000 years old)- Ground Moraines often show up as rolling, strangely shaped land covered in grass or other vegetation. They don't have the sharp ridges of other moraines. A ground moraine is made of sediment that slowly builds up directly underneath a glazier by tiny streams, or as the result of a glazier meeting hills and valleys in the natural landscape. When a glazier melts, the ground moraine underneath is exposed. Ground moraines are the most common type of moraine and can be found on every continent.
End Moraine (14,000 to 24,000 years old)- As the ice receded, it stopped at various points and built up land form features known as end moraines. End Moraines are ridges that vary in height and composition depending on the length of time the …show more content…
ice remained at a particular point and on the materials being eroded. They are irregular ridges of glacial sediments that form at the margin or edge of the ice sheet. Alternatively, end moraines may form as a glacier re-advances and pushes soft sediment in front of it, creating what is often called a small push moraine. The outermost end moraine is given the special name terminal end moraine. End moraines are ridges of glacial drift usually glacial till that form at the edge of the ice sheet.
Out-wash-Deposit of sand and gravel carried by running water from the melting ice of a glacier and laid down in stratified deposits.
An out-wash may attain a thickness of 100 m (328 feet) at the edge of a glacier, although the thickness is usually much less; it may also extend many kilometers in length. For example, out-wash deposits from the Wisconsin Glaciation can be traced to the mouth of the Mississippi River, 1,120 km (700 miles) from the nearest glacial terminus. The sheet of out-wash maybe pitted with full kettles or dissected by post-glacial streams. Out-wash plains are commonly cross-bedded with units of alternating grain size. The ordinarily gentle slope causes the larger material to be dropped nearest to the glacier. The smaller grain sizes are spread over greater distances. Striated pebbles are uncommon because the striations are worn away during a transport. Out-washes are the largest of the fluvial glacial deposits and provide a considerable source of windblown material. When confined within valley walls, the out-wash deposit is known as a valley
train.
Peat- Is an organic fuel pertaining spongy material formed by the partial decomposition of organic matter, plant material, in wetlands such as swamps, muskegs, bogs, fens, and moors. The development of peat is by warm, and moist climatic conditions. Peat can sometimes develop in cold areas such as Siberia, Canada, and Scandinavia. Peat is a minor contributor to the world energy supply, but large deposits occur in Canada, China, Indonesia, Russia, Scandinavia, and the United States. They are hand-cut although, progress has been made in excavation and spreading of peat by mechanical methods. They can be cut by spade in the form of blocks, which are spread out to dry. Peats can be divided into several types including fabric, coarse hemic, hemic, fine hemic, sapric, based on their macroscopic, microscopic, and chemical characteristics.
Kames and eskers- Are all the sediment carried by the melted water in the glacial landscape, and is deposited as the glacier retreats and melts. When they are leaving the post-glacial landscape that is with kames and eskers. Kames and eskers are sorted and made up of coarse materials which are sand and gravels. There are three different types of kames and they are delta, crevasse, and terrace. Kames and eskers are the best known of the formations deposited by water from melted glacier-ice.