Preview

HCS 457 Wk 4 Communicable Disease Paper

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1039 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
HCS 457 Wk 4 Communicable Disease Paper
Communicable Disease Paper
The Dengue virus is known to be a mosquito-borne viral infection and is a major threat to health worldwide. It is a mosquito-borne infection that causes a severe flu-like illness and is also known as break bone fever. Fifty to one hundred million people are infected each year mostly in tropical and sub-tropical climates of the world. In the U.S, cases seen affected with the Dengue virus are mostly from Americans who traveled out of the country. Infection of the dengue virus causes dengue fever. The virus weakens the circulatory system and leads to a deadly hemorrhaging.
“Dengue fever is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral illness in humans and is caused by family related to the virus that cause yellow fever, hepatitis C, and the Japanese St. Lou serotypes of DV causes spectrum of clinical disease ranging from an acute debilitating self-syndrome (dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome)” (Diamond, Roberts, Edgil, Lu, Ernst, & Harris, 2000, Modulation of Dengue Virus Infection in Human Cells by Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Interface, pg.1, para. 2).
Environmental Factors
Humans are known to be the main carriers and multipliers of the virus. Dengue fever is caused by four different types of the dengue virus. It is transmitted by the bite of an Aedes mosquito directly from one person to another. Mosquitoes are known to breed mostly in man-made containers and are found in all continents of the world except Antarctica. The Aedes mosquitoes’ characteristics are known to have peak biting periods during the early morning and just before dusk. The first case of the dengue fever was reported in Key west, Florida in 2009. By 2010, 1.6 Million cases were reported in the Americas of which 49,000 were severe dengue. Statistics had suggested that the threat is higher for Americans living along the Texas-Mexico border and other southern parts of the United States than the rest of the country. The high humidity level of the southern parts of



References: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013, October). Transmission of the Dengue Virus. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/epidemiology/index.html Diamond, M., Roberts, T., Edgil, D., Lu, B., Ernst, J., & Harris, E. (2000, June). Modulation of Dengue Virus Infection in Human Cells by Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Interface. Journal of Virology, 74(11), 4957-4966. Retrieved from http://jvi.asm.org National Institute of Health. (2013, January). NIH- Developed Candidate Dengue Vaccine Shows Promise in Early Stage Trial.. Retrieved from http://www.niaid.nih.gov World Health Organization. (2012, November). Dengue and Severe Dengue. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacenter/factsheets/fs/117en/

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    In a variety of tissue culture systems, rimantadine (25 µg/ml) completely suppressed the growth of dengue virus type 2 in human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). Rimantadine significantly inhibited dengue virus replication in cultures of rhesus monkey PBL. In virus-infected LLC-MK2 cell cultures, rimantadine decreased the production of all four types of dengue virus [1]. Rimantadine interfered with the generation of cellular immune responses. Rimantadine hydrochloride inhibited the proliferative response of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to mitogenic and antigenic stimulation. Rimantadine hydrochloride…

    • 183 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    A call comes in at three in the morning saying a soldier has been hurt in battle and is facing a life-threatening injury, the timer starts now. With shots being fired at sometimes all hours of the night and this can be a very real event to people facing war, soldier or civilian. Pararescuemen are trained to risk their lives on the battlefield to save others which is such a noble act and they do it every single day. Time is of the essence when trying to save someone from a life-threatening injury occurring on the battlefield.…

    • 485 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Yellow Fever

    • 782 Words
    • 4 Pages

    What’s the first thing that comes to mind when you hear the words ‘yellow fever’? People who alters to the color yellow? An incurable disease that can cause self-destruction? Yes and no. The keyword here is ‘mosquitoes’. That’s right, tiny mosquitoes that carry a virus around to their victims. Yellow fever is only found in parts of South America and Africa with two different sequences of illness. Yellow fever has been the key to several upsetting outbreaks. The symptoms to this virus contain many unusual and unpleasant results; fortunately a prevention was developed that would give a ten year immunity from the disease. Some people’s first thought of yellow fever is where it’s origin to this virus.…

    • 782 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    West Nile Virus

    • 852 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The number of interactions between birds and mosquitos is vast. If a bird is carrying the virus and has been bitten, the mosquito has now been infected. Once the host, the mosquito, has been infected the virus then travels throughout the host’s body until it ends up in the salivary glands. Humans become infected because during the warmer months, such as summer, mosquitos are more prevalent and humans are at a higher risk of being bitten. A mosquito bite consists of saliva entering into human tissues and blood stream, thus infecting a new host. Compared to mosquitos, humans are not highly suitable hosts for the virus to survive. The only possible way for humans to infect each other would be through anything to do with donating human tissues, such as organs, or anything containing blood. Although only 25% of people will experience symptoms of the virus it can affect humans in many different scenarios. These include damage to the central nervous system or fevers that may cause hemorrhages. One type of fever humans can get is known as West Nile fever. Complications such as these occur due to the fact that West Nile virus is a part of the Flaviviridae category of viruses. Neurotropic viruses,…

    • 852 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    West Nile Virus

    • 1286 Words
    • 6 Pages

    West Nile Virus had been found to be caused by mosquitoes that have been infected, that is those carrying the virus. The virus originates from the birds’ infected blood, it was found that the mosquitoes are able to transmit the virus to people and animals, and also can be spread through transfusion of blood, organs transplant during pregnancy and breastfeeding (Hayes and O’Leary 2004). Fortunately, it cannot be transmitted through; hugging, kissing, touching or being around infected people additionally cannot be spread from other animals to human beings. People who live near stagnant water, which offer a breeding place for mosquitoes, are easier to get infected. Consequently, the large population around these people are also at risk of the infection. Another group of people frequently attacked are those with low immune systems, for instance people infected with HIV/ AIDS. Their immune system is low and cannot fight the infection (White and Morse 2002).…

    • 1286 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Guillain-Barré Syndrome

    • 595 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Moreover, the simultaneous outbreaks of type 1 and 3 dengue fever could also act as a predisposing factor during Zika fever.…

    • 595 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Togo Research Paper

    • 1198 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Dengue fever - mosquito-borne (Aedes aegypti) viral disease associated with urban environments; manifests as sudden onset of fever and severe headache; occasionally produces shock and hemorrhage leading to death in 5% of cases.Yellow fever - mosquito-borne viral disease; severity ranges from influenza-like symptoms to severe hepatitis and hemorrhagic fever; occurs only in tropical South America and sub-Saharan Africa, where most cases are reported; fatality rate is less than 20%.Japanese Encephalitis - mosquito-borne (Culex tritaeniorhynchus) viral disease associated with rural areas in Asia; acute encephalitis can progress to paralysis, coma, and death; fatality rates 30%.African Trypanosomiasis - caused by the parasitic protozoa…

    • 1198 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Best Essays

    Report Yellow fever Final

    • 2120 Words
    • 10 Pages

    The disease is caused by the yellow fever virus and is spread by the bite of the female mosquito (Fig. 2) (2). It only infects humans, other primates, and several species of mosquitoes. In cities, it is primarily spread by mosquitoes of the Aedes aegypti species. The virus is an RNA virus of the genus Flavivirus (Fig. 3)(3). The disease may be difficult to tell apart from other illnesses, especially in the early stages.[2] To confirm a suspected case, blood sample testing with polymerase chain reaction is required.(4)…

    • 2120 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever - is a severe, potentially deadly infection spread by certain species of mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti).…

    • 535 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Virulent Dengue Fever

    • 716 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Dengue fever is a blood-borne disease contracted and spread by being bitten by a mosquito infected with the Dengue virus. In the New World the most common family of mosquito infected with the Dengue Fever (DH) is the Aedes aegypti mosquito, creating over 100 million cases of dengue worldwide every year. (Center for Disease Control website) Of the DF virus there are four main strains, DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4. Two of these strains are the DF, and two are the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), a more severe and possibly fatal form of this disease. DHF is caused by the same virus as DF but different in its symptoms and treatment.…

    • 716 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    dengue viral RNA detection is described in this study. The detection is based on competitive binding, where gold…

    • 5472 Words
    • 22 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The Lancet is a world's leading general medical journal and specialty journals in Oncology, Neurology and Infectious Diseases. This qualitative study identifies the opinions of researchers about the dengue vaccine, supported with various facts on the development of the disease dengue fever, one of the mosquito-borne diseases and identifies other research methods being done by organizations such as the, World Health Organization (WHO). This journal has additionally informs experts on the specific field on the newest and most detailed information regarding the development of dengue vaccine and the genetics information the virus contains, supported with researchers opinion regarding the development which also contains the threat it poses if left untreated. The conclusions were that there are still unanswered questions regarding whether or not an effective and safe vaccine for the disease, dengue fever. The current development in vaccine is already funded, though limited, due to four different types of serotypes a virus may contain; a vaccine has to work against all four serotypes. Both authors, Scott B Halstead and Jacqueline Deen, is both equipped with the necessary knowledge to write a perfectly reliable text such as this journal as they are both conducting their own practice regarding the mosquito-borne disease, dengue fever. The paper provides detailed scientific facts in organized forms, obtained by the Department of Preventive Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, and Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initative, International Vaccine Institute. The article provides a well-informed textual information which…

    • 386 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Background: This study was designed to find out a relationship of dengue infection with climatic factors such as rainfall, temperature and relative humidity during the dengue fever epidemic in the year 2003. Blood samples were collected from 1550 patients experiencing a febrile illness clinically consistent with dengue infection. Serological confirmation of Dengue Infection was done using Dengue Duo IgM and IgG Rapid Strip test (Pan Bio, Australia), which detected dengue-specific antibodies. Monthly data of total rainfall, temperature and relative humidity for the year 2003 was obtained from Meteorological Department of Delhi, New Delhi and retrospectively analyzed. Results: Out of 1550 suspected cases, 893 cases (57.36%) were confirmed as serologically positive. The difference between numbers of serologically positive cases during different months was significant (p < 0.05). Larger proportions of…

    • 4398 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Dengue

    • 737 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral infection worldwide. Around 100 million cases of dengue fever (DF) and half a million cases of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) are estimated to occur annually.[1] The pattern of dengue changed in Sri Lanka after 1989, with an exponential increase in the incidence of DHF.[2,3,4,5] Before this, DHF was rare, despite circulation of more than one dengue virus serotype. Subsequently, the pattern of the severe type of disease changed and regular epidemics of DHF have since been reported.…

    • 737 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The main and only way chikungunya can be transmitted is through mosquito’s bites. The mosquitoes that cause chikungunya carry Aaedes aegypt and Aaedes albopictus. These are the same type of mosquitoes that can transmit Dengue Fever. These types of mosquitoes are found throughout the world but mostly in countries like India and Africa. The insects become infected with the virus when they feed or bite people that already have the virus and then they spread the virus by biting others. The mosquitoes can be seen biting through the daytime hours and their peak activity is in the early morning and late afternoons.…

    • 745 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays