Holland's Theory Of Career Development

make choice from among the many occupation available in our society. Career development is also the total assemblage of psychological, sociological, educational, physical, and choice factors that discipline the shape of the career of the individuals over the life span (Patton & McMahon, 2014).
Content theories refers to influence on the career development which are either intrinsic to individual’s or emanate form from within the context in which one lives. All together individual influences have been given more attention in career theory than contextual influences. Process theories refers to the interaction and change over time and is the illustrated in some theories as a series of the stages through which individuals pass, (Patton & McMahon,
Holland’s theory offers a simple typology framework on career interest and environment that could be used in a career counselling and guidance. (Athanasau & Esbroek, 2008). Holland’s typological-interactive theory is one of the main career choices that have developed since 1950. It has been reviewed and updated many times, the theory is rationally constructed and unversed can come to grips with it moderately easily by approaching it in terms of the six principles on which the theory rests and four working assumptions, (Stead & Watson, 2006).
Holland’s typological theory illustrates a person environment perspective and he remains a major proponent of person environment fit perspective is reflective in these in these three questions explained in Holland they are:
1 what personal and environment characteristics lead to satisfying career decision, involvement and achievement?
2 what personal and environment characteristics lead to stability or change?
3 what are the most effective methods for providing assistance for people with
Decision-making determinants:
This includes the genetic factors such as race, gender, physical appearance and characteristics which limits the ability for a person to make wise career choices (Schreuder & Coetzee, 2013). One factor that plays a very crucial role in decision making is gender, because females and males both have different encounters, hence females opt for easy jobs such as office work e.g. Administration (Krumboltz, 1997). While males on the other hand go for jobs that complement their physical appearance and traits which forms part of physical abilities that influences the career decision.
Special abilities which are influenced by the environmental factors, such as social, cultural, political and economical factors, have an impact in one’s career decision choice (Krumboltz, 1994). Special abilities include inherited aptitudes, which helps a person gain skills involving intelligence, artistic ability, musical ability or muscular co-ordination (Schreuder & Coetzee, 2013). The environment limits a person’s decision because some factors are beyond their control; a person who stays in a dry environment can be limited to pursue a career in farming, due to limited rain and