Homeostasis notes

Homeostasis

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Topic 6 Homeostasis and negative feedback

At the end of this topic you should be able to :

Define homeostasis
Explain why homeostasis is important in living organisms
Explain the importance of a constant core temperature in relation to enzyme activity
Explain the importance of maintaining constant blood pH in relation to enzyme activity
State that homeostasis is usually achieved by negative feedback
Define negative feedback
Draw a diagram to represent a general negative feedback mechanism
Give examples of factors that need to be kept constant

Temperature regulation

Define endotherm
Define ectotherm
Describe and explain the mechanism of temperature control in an endothermic mammal
Including methods of heat production
Conservation of heat
Ways in which heat is lost
Explain the role of the hypothalamus and the autonomic nervous system in temperature control.
Describe and explain the mechanism of temperature control in an ectothermic reptile
Compare and contrast the mechanisms in endotherms and ectotherms

Blood glucose concentration

Describe and explain the factors which will affect blood glucose concentration
Define glycogenesis
Define gluconeogenesis
Explain the role of the liver in the above two processes
Describe the negative feedback control of glucose including the roles of insulin and glucagon
Explain the effect of adrenalin on glycogen breakdown and synthesis
Describe and explain the second messenger model of adrenaline and glucagon action
State that there are two types of diabetes
Explain the causes and symptoms of diabetes
Explain the control of diabetes
Including
the control by giving insulin manipulation of diet
Principles of Homeostasis

Definition: Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment.

Homeostasis ensures