b. During the four unsteady years of the Directory regime, French armies helped bring revolution to other parts of Western Europe, only to provoke a second anti-French coalition.…
Philip Mansel is a historian educated at Eton College, where he was a King’s Scholar, and at Balliol College, Oxford, where he read Modern History and Modern Languages. Mansel argues Napoleon brought Europe into the pinnacle of monarchism. Mansel states the Napoleon’s act of overthrowing historic republics and installing family members on newly created thrones changed European politics and government. Mansel objectively dissects Napoleon’s policies without taking sides. He states Napoleon’s methods and significance, does not state whether the policies are right or wrong. This is a valuable source for illustrating Napoleon’s short term impact on government and politics in the Napoleonic Era.…
To most of Europe, Napoleon was just another conqueror trying to expand his territories, but to the people of France, he was a great leader; he “restored peace and order at home” (Kagan, Ozment, Turner, Frank 586). Restoring order to France was one of his greatest domestic achievements; the people loved him for his support in helping them win their fight for equal rights “to achieve wealth, status, and security for their property” (Kagan, Ozment, Turner, Frank 586).…
Centralized authority | Napoleon seized power when there was no government | Contempt for mankind | Major reason for Napoleon's defeat |…
The Napoleonic era began in 1799 with Bonaparte’s coup d’état, which overthrew the Directory and by that established him to be the youngest new French Consulate in the history. In France, Napoleon showed to be an organizational genius as he worked to restore unity, peace and order to post-Revolution France. At that time he also worked to improve the relations to the catholic church as it was the leading religion in France.…
a. The chief threat to the Directory came form royalists who hoped to restore the Bourbon monarchy by legal means. Many of the émigrés had returned to France and their plans for a restoration drew support from devout Catholics and from citizens disgusted from the outcome of the revoulution. Monarchy promised stability.…
How significant was the weakness of the Directory in Napoleon’s success in the Coup de Brumaire 1799?…
Due to the fact that Napoleon was very successful in his efforts for France, his large ego and desire for power made it difficult to judge him as a hero or a tyrant, despite that the French still consider him as a hero. Napoleon’s actions were shaped by the conditions in France and Europe at that time. He made his decisions based on what he thought was best for his country, but also for himself, showing his tyranny. Napoleon established many important ideas that are in place in Europe and France today.…
Napoleon also restored political stability by overthrowing the Directory, the French government in power from 1795 to 1799. The Directory was inefficient and ineffective because of corrupt members who lived in luxury while the people suffered. This government created inflation, increased taxes and forced the middle class to lend large sums of money to the government. Under the Directory, the people could not afford to pay for food. Riots broke out in the…
Arguably, one of the most recognizable names in history is Napoleon Bonaparte. He led France to become one of the most powerful and dangerous nations in Europe during the late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century. The French Revolution will inspire revolutions for centuries. The French Revolution is important because “By this time the French Revolution had inspired in the Spanish government a healthy fear of the results of radical thought, and steep measures were taken to seal off Spain from the contagion of revolutionary ideas.” King Charles IV and the Spanish government are worried about revolution because their government is similar to that of when the French citizens revolted. Napoleon realizes that the Spanish…
It was the best of times, it was the worst of times The French Revolution Between France and the other major countries of Europe, Diplomatic Tensions were high. France soon found itself launching a preemptive war against Austria. France was encouraged to continue invasions into a number of other countries, as a result of their success. Italy, Germany, and Belgium were some of these countries.…
From 1799 to 1814, Napoleon Bonaparte was the emperor of France. On November 9, 1799, Napoleon and members of the legislature removed the Directory, dictatorship of five men during the French revolution, from office because the Directory was weak and failed to improve conditions in France. A new constitution was formed consolidating Napoleon’s position and Napoleon was named first consul of the republic because of a vastly agreed plebiscite, a one-time vote by all French men, in December 1799. Bonaparte used his domestic policies, great military tactics, and foreign policies to keep himself in power from 1799-1815.…
I think that Napoleon brought up France, from its most terrible status, to the very height in just a few years time. He was a military hero who won victorious land-based battles which ended Napoleon ruling most of Europe. He was a man that believed in himself and had his goals set for his own country, he had great self-control and knowledge; he was a master of strategy and in my eyes a genius. Even though Napoleon as great as he was, something about his way of governing France still go around people 's minds. Did Napoleon go too far? Did he do more harm than good to Revolutionary France? After all his success in his military campaigns, did he satisfy the need of the people in France and their ideal towards the French Revolution? This is one of the main discussions we had in class and now that we are studying Napoleon and the French Revolution we will base our thought on our research. In this essay, I will discuss my opinion on whether Napoleon did more harm than good to Revolutionary France and background information.…
I am Cardinal Jules Mazarin of France; I was French cardinal and diplomat who served as chief minister of France from 1642 to the year of my death 1661. I first came involved with church when I joined the Jesuit order after attending the Jesuit college of Rome. During my service with the papal forces I came into favor with many important figures such as Pope Urban VIII for excellent diplomatic skills. I later entered the French court and studied my mentor and predecessor, chief minister cardinal Richelieu, who saw me as a valuable asset for my diplomatic skills and used me to solve many of political issues of King Louis XIII. After resolving countless disputes I was promoted to the rank of cardinal in 1641and was quickly given rank of chief minister a year later. Alongside the de facto French monarch at the time, Anne of Austria; I effectively directed the French policy. As chief minister, I continued Richelieu’s anti-Hapsburg policies and set the foundation for King Louis XIV’s expansionist beliefs. In the conclusion of Thirty Years’ War with Peace of Westphalia, I maintained more French than Catholic policies to ensure France new land such as Alsace and Roussillon. Though I clearly put country ahead of fate I also tried to prevent the spread of new faith through France by making false promises of new rights to Huguenots coupled with delays to those promises. I also had great disdain for Jansenism and its beliefs. When dealing with the French nobility, I tried to ensure that their power was strictly limited so the monarch could maintain control. I also rejected many reformary demands made by parliament in order to preserve absolute power for the monarchy; such demands I refused included reducing taxation, forbidding all new taxes without the consent of the parliament, no imprisonment without trial, and limiting the creation of new offices of state. Conclusively my actions…