How Much Attention Did the Congress of Vienna Pay to the Principal of Nationality?
Nationalism in the 19th Century meant that the people are the nation. Since most nation- states were home to more than one group of people claiming national status, Nationalism is often associated with war or a struggle to national liberation, as seen in the case of the German Confederation and the Congress of Vienna.
Instead of struggling and competing against other states, the European states should focus and concentrate on their common interests and goals.
Parallel to the ongoing nationalism in Germany, similar movements were founded in Spain and Italy. The liberation movement in Spain and the national unification in Italy both contributed to the development of Nationalism.
After the “Hundred Days”, the period from Napoleon’s return from his exile in Elba to the return of King Louis XVIII who was restored to the French throne, Napoleon surrendered and the treaty of Paris was signed.
At the Congress of Vienna the following representatives were present: First, for Britain, Castlereagh, then the Duke of Wellington after Castlereigh’s return to England; Tsar Alexander I from Russia, Prince Metternich, Austria; Wilhelm von Humboldt, Prussia and Charles Talleyrand from France. The Congress of Vienna attempted to ensure a balance of power in Europe. Due to the fact that it was impossible to simply reconstruct the European map for various reasons, such as the diminution of German states from 300 to only 39, the major changes concentrated on preventing further French expansion. The four powers to back up the French limitations were Britain, Russia, Austria and Prussia, who, as a result of the treaty of Chaumont of March 1814 already formed a permanent League to contain France.
After the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (1806) the German Confederation was founded by Charlemagne in 1815. Compared to the Roman Empire the German Confederation took a step in the ‘right’ direction, towards nationalism. But Germany was still much divided, so the
Instead of struggling and competing against other states, the European states should focus and concentrate on their common interests and goals.
Parallel to the ongoing nationalism in Germany, similar movements were founded in Spain and Italy. The liberation movement in Spain and the national unification in Italy both contributed to the development of Nationalism.
After the “Hundred Days”, the period from Napoleon’s return from his exile in Elba to the return of King Louis XVIII who was restored to the French throne, Napoleon surrendered and the treaty of Paris was signed.
At the Congress of Vienna the following representatives were present: First, for Britain, Castlereagh, then the Duke of Wellington after Castlereigh’s return to England; Tsar Alexander I from Russia, Prince Metternich, Austria; Wilhelm von Humboldt, Prussia and Charles Talleyrand from France. The Congress of Vienna attempted to ensure a balance of power in Europe. Due to the fact that it was impossible to simply reconstruct the European map for various reasons, such as the diminution of German states from 300 to only 39, the major changes concentrated on preventing further French expansion. The four powers to back up the French limitations were Britain, Russia, Austria and Prussia, who, as a result of the treaty of Chaumont of March 1814 already formed a permanent League to contain France.
After the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (1806) the German Confederation was founded by Charlemagne in 1815. Compared to the Roman Empire the German Confederation took a step in the ‘right’ direction, towards nationalism. But Germany was still much divided, so the