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how to control stakeholders

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how to control stakeholders
Introduction
Since we need to figure out the affection of stakeholders to an organisation, we should firstly take into consideration about the category of stakeholders and consecutively find out what do these individuals and groups enforce to influence organisations’ activities. Subsequently, we will also acknowledge what could organisations do to understand and control stakeholders.

Classification of stakeholders
We assume that the organisation we are talking about is a firm. So that we can separate the parties involved with a firm into at least three groups (R. E. Freeman & J. McVea, 2001). These groups are the capital market stakeholders (shareholders and the major suppliers of a firm’s capital), the product market stakeholders (the firm’s primary customers, suppliers, host communities, and unions representing the workforce), and the organizational stakeholders (all of a firm’s employees, including both nonmanagerial and managerial personnel)(R. Duane Ireland, Robert E. Hoskisson, and Michael A. Hitt, p20-21).

In most cases, shareholders - individuals and groups who have invested capital in a firm in the expectation of earning a positive return on their investments are the most obvious stakeholders. Rights of these stakeholders’ are grounded in laws.

In contrast to shareholders, the firm’s customers prefers that investors achieve the lowest return on their investments. In that high returns to shareholders of capital market might lead to lower returns negotiated with customers.

How capital market stakeholders could affect a firm and its activities
As we all known, shareholders and lenders will invest a firm, which can increase their wealth, and they’re always willing to take risks when doing investments. Shareholders can use stock market price signals to continually monitor management performance (SUDARSANAM, S. and BROADHURST, T., 2012). If the firm creates more risks, shareholders and lenders will be dissatisfied. Therefore, shareholders and



References: 1. ANDREWS, A.P., SIMON, J., TIAN, F. and ZHAO, J., 2011. The Toyota crisis: an economic, operational and strategic analysis of the massive recall. Management Research Review, 34(10), pp. 1064-1077. 2. B. A. Neville & B. Menguc, 2006, Stakeholder multiplicity: Toward an understanding of the interactions between stakeholders, Journal of Business Ethics, 66: 377-391. 3. Brenton Schlender REPORTER ASSOCIATE Stephanie Losee, June 18, 1990. HOW BILL GATES KEEPS THE MAGIC GOING Microsoft 's boy billionaire is a hot manager too. He 's solved the classic problem: After a big hit, what do you do for an encore? 4 5. Covin, J. and D. Slevin. 1989. Strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments. Strategic Management Journal 10(1): 75-87. 6. D. Michaels, 2007, Airbus seeks union support; justifying job cuts may prove critical to allaying anger, Wall Street Journal, March 1, A11. 7. Daily, CM. and J.L.Johnson. 1997. Sources of CEO power and firm financial performance: A longitudinal assessment. Journal of Management 23(2) : 9 7- 1 1 8 . 8. DAVIS, J.L., BELL, R.G., PAYNE, G.T. and KREISER, P.M., 2010. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Managerial Power. American Journal of Business, 25(2), pp. 41-54. 9. Dyer, J.F. and Hatch, W.N. (2004), "Using supplier networks to learn faster", MIT Sloan Management Review, Vol. 45 No. 3, pp. 57-63. 10. Finkelstein, S. and D. C Hambrick. 1996. Strategic leadership: top executives and their effects on organizations. Minneapolis/St. Paul: West Publishing Company. 11. GIFFORD, E.J., 2010. Effective Shareholder Engagement: The Factors that Contribute to Shareholder Salience. Journal of Business Ethics, 92, pp. 79-97. 12. Hambrick, D.C and P Mason. 1984. Upper echelons: The organization as a reflection of its top managers. Academy of Managemen t Journal 15 (3) : 1 93 -206 . 13. Ireland, R.D. M.A. Hitt and D.G. Sirmon. 2003. A model of strategic entrepreneurship: The construct and its dimensions. Journal of Management 29(6): 963-990. 14. Ireland, R.D. M.A. Hitt and D.G. Sirmon. 2003. A model of strategic entrepreneurship: The construct and its dimensions. Journal of Management 29(6): 963-990. 15. Johnson, Scholes and Whittington, 2012, Fundamentals of Strategy, 2nd edition 16 17. Lumpkin, G. T and G.G. Dess. 1996. Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Journal 21(V): 135-172. 18. OESA-McKinsey (2003), OESA-McKinsey Study on Customer Supplier Interface, OESA-McKinsey, Troy, MI. 19. Planning Perspective Inc. (2010), Study Shows Ford Climbs to #3 Overall in "Working Relations" with Suppliers; Honda and Toyota Still #1 and #2, but Slipping; GM Gaining, available at: www.ppi/uploads/2010WRI-PPIstudy.pdf (accessed 14 July 2011). 21. R. E. Freeman & J. McVea, 2001, A stakeholder approach to strategic management, in M. A. Hitt, R. E. Freeman & J. S. Harrison (eds.), Handbook of Strategic Management, Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers, 189-207. 22 23. ROSE, C., 2008. A critical analysis of the 'one share-one vote ' controversy. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 5(2), pp. 126-139. 24. Shinong Wu, Xiaofeng Quan, Liang Xu, (2011) "CEO power, disclosure quality and the variability of firm performance: Evidence from China", Nankai Business Review International, Vol. 2 Iss: 1, pp.79 – 97 25

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