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Readiness for Evidence-Based Practice: Information Literacy Needs of Nurses in the United States
Annelle Tanner a, Susan Pierce b, Diane Pravikoff c a Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals, Office of Public Health, Region VI, Alexandria, LA, USA b College of Nursing, Northwestern State University, Shreveport, LA, USA c Cinahl Information Systems, Glendale, CA, USA Annelle Tanner, Susan Pierce, Diane Pravikoff safety, [3] further convolutes quality and cost effective outcomes and drives the need for finding means to better assure safety and quality. In spite of the shortage, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that nurses are the largest group of health care professionals [4] and, as such, are pivotal forces on the health care team. By virtue of the fact that nurses are the healthcare providers who spend the greatest percentage of time interacting with patients, they are positioned to influence positive outcomes and to serve as a first line of defense in prevention of negative outcomes. Ideally, nurses’ clinical decision-making should be supported by research-based evidence. Therefore, engaging in Evidence-Based Nursing Practice (EBNP) is critical. Nurse as a Knowledge Worker [5] The role of today’s nurse demands the use of finely tuned information management skills to provide best practice and effect positive patient outcomes. Much is expected of nurses in today’s health care environment. To meet these demands for accountability, nurses must change their practice paradigm to systematically incorporate current, best evidence into routine care and they must collect and interpret nursing sensitive data to identify information about the impact of nursing care on the patient and organizational outcomes. This must be done within the context of best evidence for clinical decision-making or EBNP. The result of failure to shift to EBNP is imposing. Not only can the
Readiness for Evidence-Based Practice: Information Literacy Needs of Nurses in the United States
Annelle Tanner a, Susan Pierce b, Diane Pravikoff c a Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals, Office of Public Health, Region VI, Alexandria, LA, USA b College of Nursing, Northwestern State University, Shreveport, LA, USA c Cinahl Information Systems, Glendale, CA, USA Annelle Tanner, Susan Pierce, Diane Pravikoff safety, [3] further convolutes quality and cost effective outcomes and drives the need for finding means to better assure safety and quality. In spite of the shortage, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that nurses are the largest group of health care professionals [4] and, as such, are pivotal forces on the health care team. By virtue of the fact that nurses are the healthcare providers who spend the greatest percentage of time interacting with patients, they are positioned to influence positive outcomes and to serve as a first line of defense in prevention of negative outcomes. Ideally, nurses’ clinical decision-making should be supported by research-based evidence. Therefore, engaging in Evidence-Based Nursing Practice (EBNP) is critical. Nurse as a Knowledge Worker [5] The role of today’s nurse demands the use of finely tuned information management skills to provide best practice and effect positive patient outcomes. Much is expected of nurses in today’s health care environment. To meet these demands for accountability, nurses must change their practice paradigm to systematically incorporate current, best evidence into routine care and they must collect and interpret nursing sensitive data to identify information about the impact of nursing care on the patient and organizational outcomes. This must be done within the context of best evidence for clinical decision-making or EBNP. The result of failure to shift to EBNP is imposing. Not only can the
References: [1] Sackett D, Rosenberg W, Gray J, Haynes B, Richardson S. Evidence-based medicine: what it is and what it isn’t. BMJ [serial online] 1996 Jan 13;312 (7023): 71-73. Available from: http://www.cebm.net/ebm_is_isnt.asp. Accessed September 14, 2003. [2] Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, Institute of Medicine. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. Washington D.C.: National Academy Press; 2001. [3] Clarke S, Aiken L. Failure to rescue: needless deaths are prime examples of the need for more nurses at the bedside. Am J Nurs 2003 Jan;103(1):42-47. [4] Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Occupational outlook handbook, 2002-03 ed. Registered Nurses [online]. Available from http://www.bls.gov/oco/ ocos083.htm. Accessed 2003 September 11. [5] Sorrells-Jones J, Weaver D. Knowledge workers and knowledge-intense organizations, Part 1: a promising framework for nursing and healthcare. J Nurs Adm 1999 JulyAugust;29(7-8):12-18. [6] American Nurses Association. Scope and standards of nursing informatics practice. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing. 2001. [7] McNeil B, Elfrink V, Bickford C, Pierce S, Beyea S, Averill C, Klappenbach C. Nursing information technology knowledge, skills, and preparation of student nurses, nursing faculty, and clinicians: a U.S. survey. J Nurs Educ 2003;42(8): 341-59. [8] Brown SJ. Knowledge for health care practice: a guide to using research evidence. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company; 1999. [9] Friedland D, Go A, Davoran J, Shlipak M, Bent S, Subak L, Mendelson T. Evidence-based medicine: a framework for clinical practice. Stamford, CN: Appleton & Lange; 1998. [10]American Library Association. Presidential committee on information literacy. final report [online] 1989. Available from: http://www.ala.org/Content/NavigationMenu/ACRL/ Publications/White_Papers_and_Reports/ Presidential_Committee_on_Information_Literacy.htm. Accessed September 14, 2003. [11]Verhey M. Information literacy in an undergraduate nursing curriculum: development, implementation, and evaluation. J Nurs Educ 1999 Sept;38(6):252-259. [12]Pierce ST. Readiness for evidence-based practice: Information literacy needs of nursing faculty and students in a southern US state [dissertation]. Natchitoches (LA): Northwestern State Univ.; 2000. [13]Tanner AB. Readiness for evidence-based practice: Information literacy needs of nurses in a southern US state [dissertation]. Natchitoches (LA): Northwestern State Univ.; 2000. [14]Pravikoff DS, Pierce S, Tanner A. Nursing resources. Are nurses ready for evidence-based practice? A study suggests that greater support is needed. Am J Nurs 2003 May;103(5):95-6. [15]Pierce S, Pravikoff DS, Tanner A. Information literacy: instrument development to measure competencies and knowledge among nursing educators, nursing administrators, and nursing clinicians: a pilot study. [Poster] in: Proceedings of the American Medical Informatics Association 2003 Symposium; 2003 Nov 8-12; Washington, DC. In press. [16]Spratley E, Johnson A, Sochalski, J, Fritz M, Spencer W. The registered nurse population: findings from the 2000 national sample survey of registered nurses [online]. 2002 [cited 2002 Feb 2]; Available from: http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/ healthworkforce/reports/rnsurvey/. Accessed September 14, 2003. [17][17]Dillman DA. Mail and internet surveys: the tailored design method. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2000. Address for correspondence Annelle B Tanner, EdD, RN 2710 Marye Street Alexandria, LA 71301 USA annelletanner@cox-internet.com 940