Human

Writing Arguments
Why Do You Need
This New Edition?
If you re wondering why you should buy this new edition of
Writing Arguments, here are eleven great reasons!
* A new full color design visually differentiates key ideas, mak- ing reading a user-friendly experience and ensuring it is easier for you to find important information.
+ A new Chapter 8, Analyzing Arguments Rhetorically, shows you how to read arguments critically so you will be able to identify and explain the strategies writers use to per- suade their audiences.
, New Writing Assignments in Parts 1, 2, and 3 on analysis, invention, planning, drafting, and revising include both instruction and samples to guide you as you build your argument skills.
- New readings and visual arguments on current topics such as immigration, video games, sports, and the connection between gender and math ability model the different argu- ment types your instructor may assign.
. New student essays include several that are researched to help you see how to integrate researched material into your argument as well as how to cite and document it.
/ New Organization Plan diagrams for various types of argu- ments show you how to introduce, develop, and conclude your own arguments.
0 New Toulmin Analysis charts represent complicated concepts such as the Toulmin system of argument in a visual way, helping you see the underlying conceptual structure of an argument and make effective arguments in your course
(Ch. 4, 11 15).
1 Thoroughly revised Chapters 11 15 (Part 4) on different types of arguments have been rewritten to improve clarity and ease of use, removing a language of mathematic vari- ables ( x and y ) and replacing it with simpler, clearer instruction. 2 New illustrations of research sources show you where to find author, title, and publication information so that you can cite and document your research correctly (Ch.
17).
Up-to-date MLA and APA citation examples, including exam- ples of the most recent style changes, show you how to correctly cite and document sources in your research papers (Ch. 17).
A dynamic e-book version of Writing Arguments provides access to comprehensive writing, research, editing, and grammar resources within MyCompLab to give you extra practice with your writing skills.
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Writing Arguments
A Rhetoric with Readings
Eighth Edition
John D. Ramage
Arizona State University
John C. Bean
Seattle University
June Johnson
Seattle University
Longman
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Complete Edition
ISBN-13: 978-0-205-64836-8
ISBN-10: 0-205-64836-3
Brief Edition
ISBN-13: 978-0-205-66576-1
ISBN-10: 0-205-66576-4
Concise Edition
ISBN-13: 978-0-205-66577-8
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Ramage, John D.
Writing arguments: a rhetoric with readings/John D. Ramage, John C. Bean, June Johnson. 8th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-205-64836-8
1. English language Rhetoric. 2. Persuasion (Rhetoric) 3. College readers. 4. Report writing.
I. Bean, John C. II. Johnson, June, 1953 III. Title.
PE1431.R33 2010
808'.0427 dc21
2008036898
Copyright © 2010 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 CRK 12 11 10 09
Brief Contents
Detailed Contents vii
Preface xxvii
Acknowledgments xxxviii
Part One Overview of Argument 1
1 Argument: An Introduction 2
2 Argument as Inquiry: Reading and Exploring 24
Part Two Writing an Argument 59
3 The Core of an Argument: A Claim with Reasons 60
4 The Logical Structure of Arguments 73
5 Using Evidence Effectively 89
6 Moving Your Audience: Ethos, Pathos, and Kairos 109
7 Responding to Objections and Alternative Views 124
Part Three Analyzing Arguments 145
8 Analyzing Arguments Rhetorically 146
9 Analyzing Visual Arguments 165
Part Four Arguments in Depth: Five Types of Claims 199
10 An Introduction to the Types of Claims 200
11 Definitional Arguments 210
12 Causal Arguments 237
13 Resemblance Arguments 264
14 Evaluation and Ethical Arguments 284
15 Proposal Arguments 310
Part Five The Researched Argument 343
16 Finding and Evaluating Sources 344
17 Using, Citing, and Documenting Sources 368 v Appendixes 401
1 Informal Fallacies 401
2 Small Group Strategies for Practicing Argument Skills 409
Part Six An Anthology of Arguments 423
An Overview of the Anthology 424
Web 2.0 and Online Identity 428
Video Games and Their Influence 448
The News Media: Responsible Production, Responsible Consumption 467
Immigration in the Twenty-First Century: Accommodation and Change 486
Women in Math and Science 505
Finding Soldiers: The Volunteer Army, Recruitment, and the Draft 528
Wal-Mart and the Public Good 557
Sustainability and the Search for Clean Energy 578
Biotech Agriculture and the Ethics of Food Production 599
Argument Classics 623
Credits 659
Index 665 vi Brief Contents
Detailed Contents
Preface xxvii
Acknowledgments xxxviii
Part One Overview of Argument 1
1 Argument: An Introduction 2
What Do We Mean by Argument? 2
Argument Is Not a Fight or a Quarrel 2
Argument Is Not Pro-Con Debate 3
Arguments Can Be Explicit or Implicit 3
LOUIS W. SULLIVAN, M.D., Let the Facts Decide, Not Fear: Ban AB 1108 6
A former secretary of health and human services opposes a ban on a chemical that makes toys soft and flexible.
The Defining Features of Argument 10
Argument Requires Justification of Its Claims 10
Argument Is Both a Process and a Product 12
Argument Combines Truth Seeking and Persuasion 13
Argument and the Problem of Truth 15
A Successful Process of Argumentation: The Well-Functioning
Committee 18
GORDON ADAMS (STUDENT), Petition to Waive the University Mathematics
Requirement 19
A student accepted to law school but delayed by a remaining math requirement argues to be exempted.
Conclusion 23
2 Argument as Inquiry: Reading and Exploring 24