Hydrate Lab

Formula of a Hydrate Lab

Design:
Problem: What is the chemical formula for a hydrated copper (II) sulphate compound?

Controlled Variable: The mass of hydrated copper (II) sulphate.
Responding Variable: The mass of dehydrated copper (II) sulphate, mass of H2O

Materials: Ones on the handout + Hot plate.

Procedure: 1. Mass 3.00g of hydrated copper (II) sulphate using electronic balance 2. Measure the mass of a thin, crucible dish using electronic balance 3. Gently pour hydrated copper (II) sulphate into the crucible dish 4. Heat the hydrated copper (II) sulphate on a hot plate from medium to lower-medium heat (to around 110 degree Celsius at last) 5. Remove the crucible dish using oven mitts and tongs until
0.88g H2O × 0.68% = 0.005984g H2O

0.88g ±0.005984g H2O

CuSO4: 63.55 + 32.07 + 16.00(4) = 159.62g1 mol
(n)(Hydrated CuSO4): 2.12g CuSO4 ×1 mol CuSO4(s)159.62g CuSO4(s) = 0.01328 mol Hydrated CuSO4

H2O: 16.00 + 1.01(2) = 18.02g1 mol
(n)( H2O): 0.88g H2O ×1 mol CuSO4(s)18.02g CuSO4(s) = 0.04883 mol H2O 0.01328 mol CuSO4 0.01328 mol = 1 CuSO4 0.04883 mol CuSO4 0.01328 mol = 4 H2O

Presenting Processed
It’s determined through heating this chemical and gets the normal copper (II) sulfate, and then calculated through Stoichiometry.

Evaluating Procedure: The lab has some major problems with the lab which include: 1. Water vapours are invisible, therefore not able to gain the time that we should stop the fire. 2. However, there will be a problem to let students place barrier/their hands on top to notice the water vapour, because the water vapour will remain there, so it is nearly impossible to get the right time to stop the fire 3. The crucible dish is not transparent, we do not know what’s happening in the bottom (over burning will cause chemical change)

Improving procedure: Some thing that I observed while doing this lab that could improve the procedure: 1. Use a tong to hold onto the crucible dish to tip the copper (II) sulphate, so the heating can be done more evenly and to avoid burning. 2. Use a roll of thin, paper towel to place on top of the crucible dish, slowly scroll it to the dry part. Paper towel can capture the water vapours clearly and students will be able to notice when the water is fully