Hydropower

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR- DCM 102
WORKBASE ASSIGNMENT
Organizational behavior- it is a field of study, which concerns all aspects of human action in an organizational or group setting. It includes the effects of organizations of human beings as well the effects of human beings on organizations. It is also the study and application of knowledge about human behavior and related fields such as structure, task and technology
Importance of organizational behavior.
• Controlling and Directing Behavior: After understanding the mechanism of human behavior, managers are required to control and direct the behavior so that it conforms to the standards required for achieving the organizational objectives. Thus, managers are required to control and direct the behavior at all levels of individual interaction. Therefore, organizational behavior helps managers in controlling and directing in different areas such as use of power and sanction, leadership, communication and building organizational climate favorable for better interaction.
• Use of Power and Sanction: The behaviors can be controlled and directed by the use of power and sanction, which are formally defined by the organization. Power is referred to as the capacity of an individual to take certain action and may be utilized in many ways. Organizational behavior explains how various means of power and sanction can be utilized so that both organizational and individual objectives are achieved simultaneously.
• Leadership: Organizational behavior brings new insights and understanding to the practice and theory of leadership. It identifies various leadership styles available to a manager and analyses which style is more appropriate in a given situation. Thus, managers can adopt styles keeping in view the various dimensions of organizations, individuals and situations.
• Communication: Communication helps people to come in contact with each other. To achieve organizational objectives, the communication must be effective. The communication process and its work in inter-personal dynamics have been evaluated by organizational behavior.
• Organizational Climate: Organizational climate refers to the total organizational situations affecting human behavior. Organizational climate takes a system perspective that affect human behavior. Besides improving the satisfactory working conditions and adequate compensation, organizational climate includes creation of an atmosphere of effective supervision; the opportunity for the realization of personal goals, congenial relations with others at the work place and a sense of accomplishment.
• Organizational Adaptation: Organizations, as dynamic entities are characterized by pervasive changes. Organizations have to adapt themselves to the environmental changes by making suitable, internal arrangements such as convincing employees who normally have the tendency of resisting any changes.

Behavioral sciences- refer to disciplines that build knowledge about human behavior through the application of scientific methods. They include:
i. Psychology is an academic and applied discipline that involves the scientific study of mental functions and behaviors. Psychology has the immediate goal of understanding individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases, and by many accounts it ultimately aims to benefit society. ii. Political science- it is a discipline concerned with the study of the mechanics and dynamics involved in the sharing and allocation of power and authority. It helps managers to understand and deal with organizational politics. iii. Sociology- is the scientific study of human social behavior and its origins, development, organizations, and institutions. It is a social science which uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about human social activity. iv. Anthropology- Anthropology studies humankind from a comparative perspective that emphasizes the diversity of human behavior and the importance of culture in explaining that diversity.
While the discipline encompasses the biological nature of our species and the material aspects of human adaptation, it takes as fundamental the idea that we respond to nature and natural forces in large part through culture. Anthropology, then, is the study of human beings as cultural animals. Socio-cultural anthropology draws its data from the direct study of contemporary peoples living in a wide variety of circumstances, from peasant villagers and tropical forest hunters and gatherers to urban populations in modern societies, as well as from the history and prehistory of those peoples.
v. Social psychology- it is the study of behavior in small groups. Organizational behavior draws from social psychology especially in areas of group relations vi. Economics or economic psychology- it analyses human choice and effects of attitudes and motives on economic behavior.

Question Two
Communication- it is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behavior.
Communication requires a sender, a message, and a recipient, although the receiver need not be present or aware of the sender's intent to communicate at the time of communication; thus communication can occur across vast distances in time and space. Communication requires that the communicating parties share an area of communicative commonality. The communication process is complete once the receiver has understood the message of the sender.
Process of communication
This illustrates the stage/process that communication must pass the sender to the receiver to receive through the process of communication. The member of an organization can exchange messages using common system of symbol which results into some degree to share meaning.
Berlo, D. K. (1960). The process of communication. New York, New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
Schramm, W. (1954). How communication works.