Ms. Riggio/Bilek
Ap World History
January 7, 2013
Imperialism of the 19th century
Imperialism was a major part of the nineteenth century for China and India. During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, there was a great surge of imperialist activity. The major European states, particularly Great Britain, France, and Germany, divided virtually all of Africa and much of Asia among themselves. This imperial expansion provided a dramatic manifestation of Europe 's power and dynamism. By the end of the century, the United States and Japan had joined the ranks of the imperialist powers winning a surprising victory over Russia. As the imperialist powers increased their activity, rivalries intensified, increasing tensions among the powers ("IMPERIALISM OF THE LATE").
In the 1800s China simultaneously experienced major internal strains and Western imperialist pressure, backed by military might which China cannot match. China’s position in the world and self-image was reversed in a mere 100 year period (c.a. 1840-1940) from leading civilization to subjected and torn "China and the West"). The British East India Company arrived in India in the early 1600s, struggling and nearly begging for the right to trade and do business. By the late 1700s the thriving firm of British merchants, backed by its own army, was essentially ruling India. In the 1800s English power expanded in India, as it would until the mutinies of 1857-58. After those very violent spasms things would change, yet Britain was still in control. And India was very much an outpost of the mighty British Empire (McNamara).
European merchants were determined to find a product the Chinese would buy in large quantities. Eventually, the British East India company discovered such a product - opium. Opium is a habit forming narcotic made from the poppy plant. The Chinese government tried to stop the opium trade by appealing to British royalty. When those pleas went unanswered, the quarrel
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