The first stage involved agreeing on “political parameters and guiding principles,” and was concluded in 2005, two years after the current Special Representatives mechanism was introduced.
The boundary talks are currently in the second of a three-stage process. The current stage — seen as the most difficult — involves agreeing on a framework to settle the dispute in western, middle and eastern sections of the disputed border. the two sides have done a lot of work to achieve settlement of the issue, in particular through the establishment of the mechanism of SRs in 2003 early settlement serves interests of both China and India,
The previous round of border talks took place in June last year, only two months after Chinese troops triggered a three-week-long stand-off by pitching a tent in Depsang, in eastern Ladakh.
Addressing tensions, rather than taking forward negotiations, subsequently emerged as the focus of last year’s talks, with both countries saying after the last round they had discussed “ways and means of strengthening existing mechanisms for consultation and coordination on border affairs and methodology to enhance the efficiency of communications between the two sides.
In November, when Prime Minister Manmohan Singh visited Beijing, both sides signed a Border Defence Cooperation Agreement (BDCA) aimed at expanding on-the-ground engagement and formalising patrolling rules to prevent recurrence of stand-offs.
This year’s talks take place as the new Chinese leadership attempts to recalibrate China’s “neighbourhood diplomacy,” an effort reflected in renewed diplomatic outreach to a number of countries in the region.
Even as China has intensified pressure on Japan over disputed East China Sea islands and issues relating to wartime history, Beijing has recently attempted to woo its South and Southeast Asian neighbours. Tensions over the South China Sea that surfaced during the last years of the previous Hu Jintao