Introduction to Microprocessors
Introduction to Microprocessors
Gursharan Singh Tatla mailme@gursharansingh.in www.eazynotes.com
1
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
Introduction to Microprocessors
The microprocessor is one of the most important
components of a digital computer.
It acts as the brain of the computer system.
As technology has progressed, microprocessors
have become faster, smaller and capable of doing more work per clock cycle.
Sometimes, microprocessor is written as
µP.
( µ is pronounced as Mu )
2
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
Introduction to Microprocessors
Definition:
Microprocessor is the controlling unit or CPU of a micro-computer, fabricated on a very small chip capable of performing ALU operations and communicating with the external devices connected to it.
3
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
A Computer
A computer:
Accepts the data from the user.
Stores the data and the set of instructions supplied by
the user in memory.
Processes the data according to the instructions in the
processing unit.
Communicates the result to the user or stores it for
further reference.
4
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
A Computer
A computer has the following units:
Input Unit
Output Unit
Memory Unit
Central Processing Unit
5
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
A Computer
INPUT UNIT
The input unit consists of the devices which accept the data and
instructions from the user and communicates it to the CPU.
The various input devices are: keyboard, mouse, joystick, trackball
etc.
OUTPUT UNIT
It provides the result of the various operations performed by the
CPU to the user.
The various output devices are: printers, monitors, loudspeakers
etc.
6
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
A Computer
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
The CPU is the heart and nerve centre of the computer.
It fetches the instruction and data from the peripheral
Gursharan Singh Tatla mailme@gursharansingh.in www.eazynotes.com
1
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
Introduction to Microprocessors
The microprocessor is one of the most important
components of a digital computer.
It acts as the brain of the computer system.
As technology has progressed, microprocessors
have become faster, smaller and capable of doing more work per clock cycle.
Sometimes, microprocessor is written as
µP.
( µ is pronounced as Mu )
2
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
Introduction to Microprocessors
Definition:
Microprocessor is the controlling unit or CPU of a micro-computer, fabricated on a very small chip capable of performing ALU operations and communicating with the external devices connected to it.
3
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
A Computer
A computer:
Accepts the data from the user.
Stores the data and the set of instructions supplied by
the user in memory.
Processes the data according to the instructions in the
processing unit.
Communicates the result to the user or stores it for
further reference.
4
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
A Computer
A computer has the following units:
Input Unit
Output Unit
Memory Unit
Central Processing Unit
5
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
A Computer
INPUT UNIT
The input unit consists of the devices which accept the data and
instructions from the user and communicates it to the CPU.
The various input devices are: keyboard, mouse, joystick, trackball
etc.
OUTPUT UNIT
It provides the result of the various operations performed by the
CPU to the user.
The various output devices are: printers, monitors, loudspeakers
etc.
6
www.eazynotes.com
03-Aug-2011
A Computer
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
The CPU is the heart and nerve centre of the computer.
It fetches the instruction and data from the peripheral