In the opening of the novel, Emma is introduced as “Emma Woodhouse, handsome, clever and rich with a comfortable home and happy disposition”. The descriptive language automatically allows the audience to realise the protagonist’s values of the social class throughout England 1800’s. The use of authorial comment “the real evils indeed of Emma’s situation were the power of having rather too much…” is just an example of her arrogance, shown in her bragging of exceptionally matching couples which clearly proves how highly Emma thinks of herself.…
In the 19th century, marriage was the sole occupation of women and was the only way for women to rise in social status and to ‘support themselves’. Marriage was a fundamental aspect of Austen’s world and the importance of marriage is highlighted as Emma states that she is “not going to be married” and Harriet exclaims in a shocked tone “it is so odd to hear a woman talk so!”. For Harriet, and most women in the 19th century, marriage was an economic necessity to provide a stable financial future. This is reiterated by Emma’s use of short phrases in “a single woman, with a very narrow income, must be a ridiculous, disagreeable old maid” which expresses her disdain for those women who do not possess fortunes to match hers and reinforces the value of wealth in relation to marriage. Marriage was therefor, not for love but for wealth, as is demonstrated in Mr. Elton’s arrogant proclamation that he “need not so totally despair of an equal alliance as to be addressing myself to Ms. Smith!” The use of the word ‘alliance’ emphasizes the fact that matrimony was for financial benefits. Marriage in Austen’s time was valued unconditionally and was seen as a means to achieve financial and social stability.…
Regency England displays Emma’s naivety in which her pride and vanity causes her to meddle with other characters, blindsided by her own wrongdoings. The omniscient voice “The real evils, indeed, of Emma’s situation were the power of having too much her own way, and a disposition to think a little too well of herself…” aligns the reader with Emma encouraging her own imaginative mind and vanity where her actions cause her to act in problematic ways other characters. The repetition of personal pronouns, “I have none of the usual inducements of women to marry…I never have been in love…I do not think I ever shall.” explores Emma’s belief that her wealth allows her to be financially secure with reassurance that others will not treat her like Miss Bates for her decision to remain single. The use of narrator’s anthypophora in “Why she did not like Jane Fairfax...she saw in her the really accomplished young woman, which she wanted to be thought herself.” exhibits Emma’s jealousy as she sees Jane as a threat to her ego because she may carry more accomplishments than herself which leads to her initial dislike of Jane. The prominence of pride and vanity creates problems as a consequence as it blindsides one’s better judgement. One’s importance of materialistic items continues to be a main feature in the modern…
Austen presents the women of Regency period as living within a patriarchal society where most women lack power and control. Women were dependent upon the male of the relationship to provide financial security and the exclamatory tone with cumulative listing of bleak words? by Mr Knightley at Box Hill, “[Miss Bates] is poor;…has sunk from comforts;…live to old age…sink more” highlights the severe repercussions on single women if they are not married. Patriarchal values are further depicted through the metaphor in “Boarding school, where…accomplishments were sold at a reasonable price” and the trivialisation “girls…scramble themselves into a little education without any danger of coming back prodigies.” The “accomplishments” are a metaphor for labels put on young women to advertise them as suitable for marriage and the trivialisation reflects the Regency period’s belief that women are not educated to be successful but rather serve well in a household. Furthermore the complaint by Emma, who belongs to the upper…
determined by family lines and inheritance. It is in the upper class of society that Jane Austen places her protagonist, Emma, “handsome, clever and rich…with very little to distress or vex her”. Emma’s desirable situation had led her to possess a self indulgent attitude towards life, as Austen intends her audience to identify with the cynical remark that she has “the power of having rather too…
PB: The values and attitudes that Austen has chosen to explore in Emma address the strict nature of social classes and the consequence of self-awareness.…
In Pride and Prejudice, Austen criticises the education of women in 19th century England which extols the virtues of “the accomplished woman” and good wife. She elevates moral development and gender equality, as part of her didactic purpose, influenced by feminist Mary Wollstonecraft’s, A Vindication of the Rights of Women, “I do earnestly wish to see the distinction of sex confounded in society… For this distinction is, I am firmly persuaded, the foundation of weakness of character ascribed to women” and through her characterisation and caricature of Caroline Bingley who epitomises the distinction of sex in society, Austen portrays the absurdity of the value placed on accomplishments as Caroline asserts, “Oh! certainly,” cried his faithful assistant, “no one can be really esteemed accomplished, who does not greatly surpass what is usually met with!” highlighting her high self-regard. This is then ironically devalued in Austen’s authorial intrusion that she is Darcy’s “faithful assistant”. This serves to devalue accomplishments as a form of education and as an extension, society’s strict distinction of gender and status which Austen challenges through Elizabeth Bennet. In the absence of the “good” education that Caroline has…
The notion of the necessity of romantic love, marriage and the expectation of woman are all equally important themes in both texts. Although, these themes are evident throughout both ‘Emma’ and ‘Clueless’, they have been transformed from Emma’s context to suit the audience and the context of ‘Clueless’. The themes that are evident in both texts are constantly defined by gender. Austen’s narrative characteristic for the novel ‘Emma’ is an ironic and amused commentary conducted by the narrator when describing the character’s actions. In Austen’s novel, an early description of Emma’s character, narrated from Mrs Weston’s perspective, in fact is an ironic publicity of Emma’s faults. “She could not think, without pain, of Emma’s losing a single pleasure, or suffering an hour’s ennui, from the want of her companionableness: but dear Emma was of no feeble character; she was more equal to her situation than most girls would have been” The irony of this part of text is that while Emma ultimately does not have any trouble finding new companions in her social group, her idea of companionship is to manipulate others into advantageous marriages. Furthermore, shown with this example is Emma’s obsession with marriage which subtlety makes socially related comments on the unequal status of women. This originally descended from the cultural status of…
Emma embodies the value of social class by the determination of individuals status through family background, reputation and wealth in the micro of Highbury. Austen employs authorial intrusion to secure and characterize Emma in the first line of the novel, ‘Emma Woodhouse, handsome, clever, and rich, with a comfortable home and happy disposition, seemed to unite some of the best blessings of existence’ to establish Emma’s social class but to also mock Emma as she views herself as above others. Emma abuses her power of wealth and status and views herself as an excellent matchmaker, however she is too naive and her observations are misplaced as Emma attempts to raise Harriet out of social oblivion. The situational irony ‘do not take to match making. You do it very ill” mocks Emma and the hilarity of her attempt to bring Harriet Smith to an equal social level as herself. Austen asserts that she is not an appropriate member of high society and would never be accepted if it were not for Emma’s influence. Mr Elton, when aware of Emma’s plans to attach him to Harriet, expresses his incredulity through hyperbole “I never thought of Miss Smith in the whole course of my existence…never cared if she were dead of alive…” He vehemently opposes any notion of romantic attachment to a social inferior, offering a satirical insight into the shallowness and inflexibility of the post industrialization class.…
In Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, women in the Regency period had no right to pursue a career, to suffrage, to have political thoughts. Women with high level of education was deemed unnecessary as the parents believed marriage was the success of a wealthy and comfortable future. This is demonstrated in the quote “No governess! How was that possible? Five daughters brought up at home without of governess! I never heard of such a thing. Your mother must have been a quite a salve to your education”, as Lady Catherine was in shock and disbelief that Mr. and Mrs. Bennet did not employ a governess for the family. Austen uses exclamation and rhetorical question to portray that the family unit is primarily responsible for one’s intellectual and…
Throughout ’Pride and Prejudice’ Jane Austen conveys the theme of marriage of being of paramount importance. The first line of ‘Pride and Prejudice’ defines the main themes of Austen’s’ novel, as well as subtly giving the reader an insight of Austen’s views of marriage. Her use of hyperbole ‘That a man in possession of good fortune, must be in want of a wife’ hints at a somewhat mocking and ironic tone on Austen’s part, which indicates to the reader that Austen doesn’t agree with the general perception of marriage during her time.…
The comparative study between Jane Austen’s 19th century fictional novel, ‘Pride and Prejudice’ and Fey Weldon’s 1984 epistolary text ‘Letters to Alice: On First Reading Jane Austen’, allows intertextual connections between the two texts to be developed and an understanding of how values can be affected by different contexts. The concepts of the education and accomplishments of women and their position in society are demonstrated in both Austen and Weldon’s text in relation to their corresponding contexts.…
The subject of marriage and its effect on women is a topic lively debated by Jane Austen in her many books. In Emma, the title protagonist is the spoiled daughter of a wealthy widower who spends her time gossiping and patronizing those less fortunate. Emma is kind hearted but a touch naïve, and her lack of impulse control finds the young woman often causing more disorder than she intends. The novel begins with Emma having recently attended the wedding of her best friend and former governess. Having introduced Miss Taylor to her future husband, Emma takes credit for their marriage and decides she enjoys matchmaking. Because Emma needs…
Both genders during the Victorian and Edwardian Ages were molded into two spheres of expectations and opportunities defined solely by their sex, male and female. In the words of Austen “Men have had every advantage of us in telling their own story. Education has been theirs in so much higher a degree; the pen has been in their hands.” Men were thought to be the highest of the hierarchy, while women were made from “the rib, which the LORD God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man”. “True Women” possessed the four cardinal virtues of piety, purity, domesticity, and submissiveness. Women, however, were not content to stay in this mold of domesticity within the grasps of the four virtues. Instead, some women of this…
Typically, a house is the reflection of one’s wealth and societal status. In her novel, Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen creates the almost immediate judgment of social class by the estates of Rosings Park and Pemberley in order to develop her characters. However, Austen uses the estates to form a different idea of what social status symbolizes. While both Rosings Park and Pemberley are estates of similar class, Austen provides a different insight at each estate as to how the wealthy live.…