Japan a Concise History
By the seventh century, the Greeks' medical writings might have vanished
Luckily, Islamic scholars decided that these writings were worth preserving
Ninth-century caliphs of Baghdad established a center where Greek scientific manuscripts were translated into Arabic. Simply keeping these manuscripts in use and making copies available would have been a remarkable achievement for the medieval Islamic world.
But Arab scholars were not content just to study information that had already been discovered.
Arab thinkers of the ninth, tenth, and eleventh centuries made many original contributions to medical science. Al-Razi, known to Westerners as Rhazes, successfully treated patients suffering from such diseases as scabies, measles, and kidney infections.
Ibn Sina, known in the West as Avicenna, was perhaps the greatest medieval Arab physician.
His book Canon of Medicine was still being consulted by doctors in the nineteenth century.
Patients today have many reasons to be grateful to these medieval Islamic scholars.
16.6
On June 26, 2000, two groups of scientists announced a breakthrough in genetics.
The scientists, representing teams from the Human Genome Project and Celera Genomics, had deciphered the human genome
Every person inherits from each parent half of a genome, a set of instructions defining a human being.
The publicly funded Human Genome Project began a genome map in 1990.
In 1998, scientists at Celera Genomics, a private corporation, began racing the Human Genome Project team to see who could finish the genome map first.
When each group had finished part of the map, the scientists combined the pieces, completing the genome.
Scientists expect many gains from the genome breakthrough.
Genetic information will benefit people at risk of developing genetic diseases.
The genome map may help biologists learn how specific genes affect the body.
Many details still need to be added to the genome map, but the completed outline is cause for
Luckily, Islamic scholars decided that these writings were worth preserving
Ninth-century caliphs of Baghdad established a center where Greek scientific manuscripts were translated into Arabic. Simply keeping these manuscripts in use and making copies available would have been a remarkable achievement for the medieval Islamic world.
But Arab scholars were not content just to study information that had already been discovered.
Arab thinkers of the ninth, tenth, and eleventh centuries made many original contributions to medical science. Al-Razi, known to Westerners as Rhazes, successfully treated patients suffering from such diseases as scabies, measles, and kidney infections.
Ibn Sina, known in the West as Avicenna, was perhaps the greatest medieval Arab physician.
His book Canon of Medicine was still being consulted by doctors in the nineteenth century.
Patients today have many reasons to be grateful to these medieval Islamic scholars.
16.6
On June 26, 2000, two groups of scientists announced a breakthrough in genetics.
The scientists, representing teams from the Human Genome Project and Celera Genomics, had deciphered the human genome
Every person inherits from each parent half of a genome, a set of instructions defining a human being.
The publicly funded Human Genome Project began a genome map in 1990.
In 1998, scientists at Celera Genomics, a private corporation, began racing the Human Genome Project team to see who could finish the genome map first.
When each group had finished part of the map, the scientists combined the pieces, completing the genome.
Scientists expect many gains from the genome breakthrough.
Genetic information will benefit people at risk of developing genetic diseases.
The genome map may help biologists learn how specific genes affect the body.
Many details still need to be added to the genome map, but the completed outline is cause for