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Maria V. Stanyukovich. Epic as a Means to Control Memory and Emotions of Gods andHumans: Ritual Implications of Hudhud
Among the Yattuka and Tuwali Ifugao. In: NicoleRevel, ed. Songs of Memory in Islands of Southeast Asia. Cambridge Scholars publications,2013, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, pp. 167-204
Epic as a Means to Control the Memory and Emotions of Gods andHumans: Ritual Implications of the
Hudhud
Epics Among the Ifugao andthe Kalanguya
1
Maria V. Stanyukovich
Strong ritual ties are characteristic of archaic epics in general and of Philippine epics in particular. Early Spanish missionaries defined epics as a vital part of the local religioussystem (see Manuel 1963, Nuñes 1978, and Scott 1994 for summaries). It was those ritualimplications, defined in surviving highland epic performances till now, that caused theelimination of the pre-Spanish epic traditions of the lowlanders in the course of Christianization (Stanyukovich 1981:83).As early as 1963, in his survey of Philippine folk epics, a Philippine folklorist ArsenioManuel gave them the following definition:
1
I am grateful to the Dean of Ifugao studies, Dr. Harold C. Conklin, for his precious support, sharing literatureand valuable advice, especially at times when I had no opportunity for fieldwork in Ifugao; to one of Dr.
Conklin‘s prominent former students,
Dr. Patricia Afable, for the most fruitful discussions that we have had onthe hudhud over the past decades. I am grateful to Karl Reichl for sharing his works on epics, including thosenot yet published.I am grateful to the Wenner-Gren Anthropological Foundation for the Small Grant that enabled me to start myfield work in Ifugao (January-August 1995), to the Asian Branch of the Summer Institute of Linguistics andPeter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (St.Petersburg, Russia), for the grants that enabledme to carry out my field work in Ifugao, the Philippines, as well to the Evans Foundation, UK, the University of
Among the Yattuka and Tuwali Ifugao. In: NicoleRevel, ed. Songs of Memory in Islands of Southeast Asia. Cambridge Scholars publications,2013, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, pp. 167-204
Epic as a Means to Control the Memory and Emotions of Gods andHumans: Ritual Implications of the
Hudhud
Epics Among the Ifugao andthe Kalanguya
1
Maria V. Stanyukovich
Strong ritual ties are characteristic of archaic epics in general and of Philippine epics in particular. Early Spanish missionaries defined epics as a vital part of the local religioussystem (see Manuel 1963, Nuñes 1978, and Scott 1994 for summaries). It was those ritualimplications, defined in surviving highland epic performances till now, that caused theelimination of the pre-Spanish epic traditions of the lowlanders in the course of Christianization (Stanyukovich 1981:83).As early as 1963, in his survey of Philippine folk epics, a Philippine folklorist ArsenioManuel gave them the following definition:
1
I am grateful to the Dean of Ifugao studies, Dr. Harold C. Conklin, for his precious support, sharing literatureand valuable advice, especially at times when I had no opportunity for fieldwork in Ifugao; to one of Dr.
Conklin‘s prominent former students,
Dr. Patricia Afable, for the most fruitful discussions that we have had onthe hudhud over the past decades. I am grateful to Karl Reichl for sharing his works on epics, including thosenot yet published.I am grateful to the Wenner-Gren Anthropological Foundation for the Small Grant that enabled me to start myfield work in Ifugao (January-August 1995), to the Asian Branch of the Summer Institute of Linguistics andPeter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (St.Petersburg, Russia), for the grants that enabledme to carry out my field work in Ifugao, the Philippines, as well to the Evans Foundation, UK, the University of