Juvenile Firesetting Research Paper

JUVENILES AND FIRESETTING
I Introduction
When fire is maliciously set, it is called Arson. When arson is committed by juveniles under the age of 18, it is called firesetting. Fresno, California had the highest per capita arson rates in 1994 and 1995, with over seventy percent of these set by juveniles. There are reasons why some children are particularly attracted to fire, and destruction. Also, there are key warning signs to look for in children to prevent this type of all too common devastation. Even more troubling, is what this infantile activity can lead to later in life.
II Main Points
A. Juvenile firesetting has become a major problem in the United States.
1. Once viewed by many as a crime perpetrated primarily by adults,
fires started by children under the age of 18 are responsible for over 50% of all arson arrests (Snyder, 1999).
2.
The impact of the damage created by juvenile firesetting has been documented by various sources. The residential and commercial property loss and damages resulting from juvenile firesetting is $240 million per year (Garrison, 2002)
3. Even more alarming is that burn injuries are the second leading cause of accidental death for children under the age of 6, and between 40-50% of children and adolescents admitted for burn treatment were burned in fires they themselves set (FEMA, 1988).
4. The most startling fact is that children under the age of 5 account for nearly 40% of all fire-related deaths, a rate that is more than double that for any other age group (Hall, 2000). Millions of dollars are spent each year to treat burn victims, and while many are severely disfigured physically, no amount of money can compensate for the emotional and mental trauma experienced. (Garrison, 2002)
B. Who are these juvenile offenders?
1. Only within the last 20 years have studies of juvenile firesetting begun to explain the many dynamics and variables associated with this dangerous behavior. These findings have provided a better understanding of how to assess these actions and conduct appropriate
intervention.
2. Many children display an interest in fire and some take that fascination a step further in actually playing with it.
a. A study of youths from the third to eighth grades in 15 school districts throughout Oregon revealed that 32 percent of the students reported setting fires outside their homes. (Hall, 2000)
b. Moreover, 29 percent said that they had started them in their residences. (Hall, 2000)
3. Data suggests that boys clearly outnumber girls in setting fires. Studies found that males held responsibility for 90 percent of the fires set. (Hickey, 2006) a. Other than males typically committing more crimes in general than females there is a psychological explanation for this discrepancy as well.
b. Boys have a predisposition to destruction, and action. This is evident in typical male movie choices, sports, careers etc.
4. Although children as young as 2 and 3 years of age can be involved in firesetting, it appears that this behavior generally occurs among older children. (Hickey, 2006) a. In a variety of studies, the average age of children and adolescents identified as setting fires ranged from 9 to 12 years old. b. Age cannot excuse the serious effects of arson. Blazes caused by younger children often incur the most damage, cause the most monetary loss, and kill more individuals than fires set by older adolescents.
C. Understanding the motives and "spark" within these children. 1. Various studies have revealed that parents of juvenile arsonists often experience personal and marital distress, and their children have exposure to stressful life events, poor supervision, and minimal family affiliation. 2. Juveniles involved in arson may have few alternatives for dealing with issues that arise in their lives, particularly in social settings and situations involving family conflict. (Hickey, 2006)
a. They are quite often diagnosed as having less capacity for learning, and are unable to form meaningful attachments to others.
b. Setting fires appears to give them an outlet for their anger, distress, and anxiety, feelings that many of these youths have difficulty handling.
c. Frequently, these juveniles report that they start blazes because of boredom or a lack of anything to do. (Hickey, 2006)
3.
When a case is introduced into court, a judge determines if it should be handled formally or informally. This decision is often based on the severity of the offense, and the youth's law breaking history. (Snyder, 1999) a. Informal case handling involves no formal court order and just the release of the minor to parents or guardians. b. Formal sentencing can include a criminal charge resulting in time served in a juvenile facility, referral to a fire treatment program, or probation.
4. These young arsonists typically do not continue to set fires as they mature, although many partake in excessive fighting, truancy, burglary, and even murder. (Hickey, 2006)
III Conclusion There is much to be learned from these offenders, and although the problem may never be eradicated, our community can become aware of the dangers they may cause. These individuals can teach us much about the workings of a child's brain, and the anatomy of a troubled past. More importantly, they can predict the future and Juvenile firesetters are a specific group of offenders. Only by identifying juvenile firesetters early can intervention techniques hope to prevent continued, escalating criminal behavior. A combative approach to this problem can help ensure the safety of the young offenders and the
community.