The first lathe machine that was ever developed was the two-person lathe machine which was designed by the Egyptians in about 1300 BC. Primarily, there are two things that are achieved in this lathe machine set-up. The first is the turning of the wood working piece manually by a rope and the second is the cutting of shapes in the wood by the use of a sharp tool. As civilizations progressed, there have been constant modifications and improvements over the original two-person lathe machine, most importantly on the production of the rotary motion.
Lathe machine is the single most versatile machine in the engineering workshop. A lathe is a machine tool which spins a block of material to perform various operations such as cutting, turning, facing, threading , sanding ,knurling, drilling, or deformation such as metal spinning with tools that are applied to the work piece to create an object which has symmetry about an axis of rotation.
This machine has the main rotary movement and function as a modifier form and size of objects to the way things are cut up with a notching. Position of object in accordance with the rotary axis machine and hack silent, moving to the right, left to the direction of the axis engine of job slashing. Lathe get charged on the fixed belt V through many of the motor is placed under the control of the heads is still one of the 27-speed, which is set in a geometric progress logically, can be obtained.
This machine tools one of the most important in the metalworking industry is the lathe. A lathe operates on the principle of a rotating workpiece and a fixed cutting tool. The cutting tool is feed into the workpiece, which rotates about its own Z-axis, causing the workpiece to be formed to the desired shape. The maximum spindle speed of lathes is around 4000 rpm but for the large lathes the speed maybe around 200 rpm[1]. The figure 1.1 below shows the lathe machine that use for many operations to remove materials as